Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Pathophysiology 4t4d1s

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Family history

Pre-gestational DM

Obesity

Ethnicity

Protective mechanism of pregnancy

Previous GDM

History of autoimmune disease

Hypertension

Late pregnancy

Stimulates diabetes

Insufficient insulin production

Insulin rejection/resistance by the cells and tissues

Increase blood glucose level

Liver and pancreas compensate Insulin production and usage remains insufficient

Cells don’t get enough glucose for consumption Altered cellular functioning

Affects the whole organ

Organ degenaration

Organ malfunction

FETAL

MATERNAL

Kidneys Affects the reninangiotensinaldosterone system

Increase vascular resistance

Hypertension

Liver

Pancreas

Diabetes Uncontrolled

Increase

Increase

compensatory

compensatory

mechanism

action

Over usage

Over usage

Elevated blood glucose level

Malfunctioning

Malfunctioning

Decrease metabolism

Hepatic problems

Pancreatic problems

Rapid weight gain

Proteinuria Decrease osmolarity Fluid shifting

Edema Polyhydramnios

Rapid weight gain

Erythropoeisis

Decrease production of blood products

Decrease RBC

Decrease WBC

Decrease platelet

Anemia

Recurrent infection

Bleeding

Vaginal

UTI