Geography And Tourism 353u45

GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM

LEISURE TIME

Work time

Leisure The time available to an individual when work, sleep and other basic needs have been met.

Recreation Pursuit engaged upon during leisure time The recreation activity continuum Homebased recreation

Reading, gardening, watching TV, socializing etc.

Daily leisure

Visiting theatres or restaurants, going to the mall, sports etc.

Day trips

Tourism

Visiting attractions, picnicking etc.

Temporary movement to destinations outside normal home and work place.

Business Tourism

Geographical range Home

Local

Regional

National

International

GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM Three Concepts: 1. Spatial scale 2. The geographical components of the tourism system 3. Spatial interaction between the components of the tourist system

SPATIAL SCALE

This idea of scale, keeps in focus the area being dealt with. From the geographical point of view, tourism can be considered from number of scale - world scale - regional scale - local scale

THE GEOGRAPHICAL COMPONENTS OF THE TOURISM SYSTEM Tourist generating areas - represent the home of tourists, where journeys begin and end. Tourist receiving areas - attract tourists to stay temporarily and will have features and attractions that may not be found in the generating area

THE GEOGRAPHICAL COMPONENTS OF

THE TOURISM SYSTEM Transit routes – link these two types of areas and are a key element in the system as their effectiveness and characteristics shape the volume and direction of tourist flows.

- Such routes represent the transport the transport component of the tourism industry.

SPATIAL INTERACTION BETWEEN THE COMPONENTS OF THE TOURIST SYSTEM Tourist flow An understanding of tourist flow is critical for managing the environmental and social impacts of tourism , securing commercial viability of the tourism industry and for planning new developments

SPATIAL INTERACTION BETWEEN THE COMPONENTS OF THE TOURIST SYSTEM It is influenced by a variety of push and pull factor: Push factor – are mainly concerned with the stage of economic development in the generating area and will include such factors as levels of affluence, mobility and holiday entitlement

SPATIAL INTERACTION BETWEEN THE COMPONENTS OF THE TOURIST SYSTEM Pull factors – include accessibility, and the attractions and amenities of the destination area The push factor involves a force which acts to drive people away from a place and the pull factor is what draws them to a new location.

FACTORS INFLUENCING TOURISM Leisure time Leisure is important in that it increases the amount of time free from actual labor and the associated freedom to choose how time is spent in non- work situations - paid vacations and holidays opportunity to travel - age of retirement has been reduced - attitude change

FACTORS INFLUENCING TOURISM Affluence Affluence refers to the majority of the population gaining a good standard of living - increased in both real and disposable income

FACTORS INFLUENCING TOURISM Mobility Henry Ford created the benchmark for increasing the general public’s mobility – mass production of automobile vast network of roads and the mass production of the car at a price most citizens can afford has lead to the development of a domestic tourism industry - motels, hotels, restaurants, and other services

FACTORS INFLUENCING TOURISM Mobility Rapid improvement of air service – reduced flying time The result of Jet Age were lower fares, a wider rage of routes. Reduced travel time and longer distance travel.

EXPLAINING TOURIST FLOW Factors that helped to explain these flows: 1. Distances between countries ( the greater the distance, the smaller the volume of flow) 2. International connectivity ( shared business or cultural ties between countries 3. The general attractiveness of the country

FORMS OF TOURISM Can be categorize according to: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Type of destination The characteristics of the tourism system The market The distance traveled

TYPE OF DESTINATION Domestic Tourism – embraces those traveling within their own country International Tourism – those who travel to a country other than that in which they normally live Inbound tourism Outbound tourism

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TOURISM SYSTEM We consider forms of tourism based largely on the destination visited, but also where the destination visited will influence the market . Spa tourism Heritage tourism Cultural Tourism Sport tourism Ecotourism

GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM ARE INTERRELATED IN TWO WAYS:  The uniqueness of place creates an attraction  Tourism is an agent of change, becoming an element in the uniqueness of place and an important variable in geographic studies

CURRENT INTERNATIONAL PATTERNS OF TOURISM 1. Proximity 2. Presence or absence of international connectivity , including business, political, military and other ties 3. Type and degree of service offered 4. General attractiveness of a country to tourists from another country or culture 5. Cost of traveling

CURRENT INTERNATIONAL PATTERNS OF TOURISM 6. Influence of intervening opportunities Intervening opportunities – refers to the substitution of one place for another - nearer or less expensive 7. The national character of the source country 8. The mental image of the target area held by potential visitors

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