Xii Chemistry Practical Scheme Organic Hsslive Jijish 3z6zo

SYSTEMATIC ORGANIC ANALYSIS

(MICRO SCALE)

( Sl no

EXPERIMENT PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS Colour and appearance of the substance are noted.

OBSERVATION

INFERENCE

a)Colourless solid. b) a liquid

Smell of the substance noted.

a)Phenolic smell. b) Fishy smell. c) Smell of bitter almond

a)May be a ketone or carboxylic acid b) May be aniline or phenol or aldehyde. a) May be phenol b)May be aniline c) May be aldehyde

IDENTIFICATION

OF FUNCTIONAL

GROUP

1

To a little of the substance sodium bicarbonate solution is added

a)Brisk effervescence are formed. b) No Brisk effervescence are formed

a)Presence of carboxylic acid. b)Absence of carboxylic acid.

2

To a little of the substance in test tube, Dil HCl is added

a)Substance got dissolved . B) No characteristic observation.

a)Presence of aniline b)Absence of aniline.

3

To a little of the substance neutral ferric chloride solution is is added .

a) A violet colouration . B) No characteristic observation

A)Presence of phenol. b) Absence of phenol.

4

A little of the subsatnce treated with Borsches reagent. CONFIRMATORY TESTS

a)Yellowish orange precipitate is obtained.

A)Presence of Aldehyde or Ketone

1

CARBOXYLIC ACID Ester Formation: A little of the acid mixed with ethanol and few drops of conc sulphuric acid in a (micro)test tube. It is gently heated and poured into diluted sodiumcarbonate solution.

Pleasant fruity smell observed.

Presence of carboxylic acid confirmed.

A brilliant red dye is formed.

Presence of aniline confirmed.

A deep red solution is obtained which turned green or blue with excess alkali.

Presence of phenol confirmed.

1

2

2

3

4

ANILINE Diazotisation: A few drops of aniline treated withDi HCl and sodium nitrite solution. To this alkaline beta naphthol solution added. PHENOL Liebermann’s Reaction: A little of melted phenol treated with a little sodium nitrite and Sulphuric acid . ALDEHYDE/ KETONE: To a drop of aldehyde/KETONE, Schiff’s reagent is added.

A) A pink colour observed. B) No pink colour observed.

A)Presence of Aldehyde confirmed. B)Presence of Ketone.confirmed