Software 3a3v51

SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND DESIGN

BACHELOR OF QUANTITY SURVEYING (HONS)

SOFTWARE APPLICATION FOR QUANTITY SURVEYING (CSC60603)

ASSIGNMENT 1: GROUP REPORT   NAMES

DAPHNE TAN FOO VAN JEAN KAREN LIM LAU WAN YEE LIM YIN RU LOH WEI TING

LECTURER SUBMISSION DATE

SR. YEAP SOON KEAT 3rd MAY 2018

0329055 0330017 0329431 0328947 0329931 0328314

Software Application for Quantity Surveying | CSC 60603

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Part

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Title

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1.0 Introduction

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2.0 Comparative Analysis of BIM QS Softwares

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2.1 CostX by Exactal 2.1.1 Functions 2.1.2 Limitations

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2.2 Cubicost by Glodon 2.2.1 Functions 2.2.2 Limitations

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2.3 Cubit (Standard) by Buildsoft 2.3.1 Functions 2.3.2 Limitations

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2.4 Autodesk Revit 2.4.1 Functions 2.4.2 Limitations

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2.5 Summary & Recommendation

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3.0 Comparative Analysis of BIM, CAD Measurement and Manual Measurement

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3.1 Preparation stage 3.1.1 Benefits 3.1.2 Constraints

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3.2 Design stage 3.2.1 Benefits 3.2.2 Constraints

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3.3 Pre-construction stage 3.3.1 Benefits 3.3.2 Constraints

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3.4 Construction stage 3.4.1 Benefits 3.4.2 Constraints

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3.5 Post-construction stage 3.5.1 Benefits 3.5.2 Constraints

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4.0 References

Assignment 1: Group Report

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The use of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in the construction industry is becoming more prevalent. This being said, quantity surveyors who are the cost estimators of the industry are pertinent to the growing development of BIM quantity takeoff computer softwares. BIM is defined as a digital representation of physical and functional characteristics of a facility creating a shared knowledge resource for information about it forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life cycle, from earliest conception to demolition. Hence, it is established that the application of BIM can reduce time spent in design as well as decrease cost and duration of construction. Cost estimation is a key aspect in the workflow of a construction project. Generally, estimates are produced by quantity take-offs from 2D drawings provided for by the architect to the quantity surveyor. Since it usually takes up to three weeks for the cost consultant to generate each estimate, the industry has been developing and is gradually advancing towards BIM-based quantity take-off. The first project in Malaysia that involved the implementation of BIM is the Multipurpose Hall of Universiti of Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UHTM). Our government encourages the application of BIM. However, many contractor firms, especially small or medium sized firms, do not comply simply due to the lack of understanding. As the construction industry is progressively relying more on BIM to determine take-off quantities, quantity surveyors are obliged to conform by educating themselves on BIM technology. There are many softwares which have been developed for the sole purpose of taking off quantities. The first part of this report serves to analyse and record the functions and limitations of four different softwares commonly adopted by quantity surveyors in Malaysia. Among them are Autodesk Revit, Cubicost by Glodon, CostX by Exactal and Cubit by Buildsoft. The second part of this report serves to compare the benefits and constraints between BIM, CAD measurement and manual measurement in different stages of a project. 


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Introduction CostX is an estimating software produced by Exactal, established since 2003. It is widely used in over 80 countries to develop estimates, cost plans and bills of quantity. Therefore, it is suitable for Quantity Surveyors, Contractors, Estimators or anyone who needs to measure quantities and calculate construction cost. File format: A variety of 2D drawings (scanned JPEG, PDF, CAD, DWG and more) are still ed.

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Firstly, a brief steps of using CostX is to load in the plans and takeoff the quantities measure areas, lengths and counts, and even automatically extract quantities from BIM files. Then, in the workbook, drag and drop measured dimensions directly into spreadsheet to create live-links between the takeoff and estimate. It also allows building product, cost database and bid management. Workbooks Customised report and generating bill of quantities Able to generate presentation documents of high quality with customised report formats. It saves the times of keying in the item code page by page and filtering I & O manually. Unlike in Excel, the page break and contents will be aligned even if there are changes in descriptions. And CostX does not hide large numbers-text when printing Bill of Quantities. Phraseologies in library Phraseologies allow the maintenance of standard phrases or model descriptions in a hierarchical library. This library can be utilised to assemble predefined phrases, codes and units of measure to form bill of quantities descriptions. It acts as a main reference point for the while preparing Bill of Quantities.


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Software Application for Quantity Surveying | CSC 60603 Working simultaneously on the same estimate Allows multiple s to work on the same estimate at once. Not only the s can team up on a project that has a tight deadline but they can also simultaneously collaborate on database updates. Colour coded features Colour coded for a streamlined review process; green = quote, blue = estimate, purple = plug, and orange = other. 2D & 3D Ability to work with BIM Cost X’s universal application of 2D and 3D offers ability to automatically extract quantities from the model as well as on screen measurement. friendliness of interface while having BIM compatible features. Good visibility for other s to review work. Below are the examples of its features.

(LEFT) Easily overlay drawings and highlight the changes (RIGHT) Markups can be shared with construction team Revision capabilities Automatically detect quantifying revision and model changes. This also means that when the drawing changes, it links back to the CAD and BIM data. As it ties data into workbooks. The quantities in workbook will be updated instantly. Ease of visualisation Walk through of building without the need of CAD software – clearer section and part details. Subcontractor comparison The trades are compared through generating a workbook with data of subcontractor details stored. Whenever comparison is required, the details are easily accessible.


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Lack of detailing in models Not everything is modelled, architraves, glazing beads, gaskets, etc. For roof, the software still uses 2D details, there is no flashing shown. Largely depends on the source of model, either from a designer version without details or detailed model from the fabricator or manufacturer (structural steel modeller contains number of bolts). Differences in used Different way of defining or interpretation - length, base length, etc. For instance, gross area includes or excludes void. Required to understand the term used in different application. Less efficient in batch drawing Unable to handle drawings and batches without having to load them individually to edit their properties. System capability CostX can get resource intensive on older machines. Large projects can get unwieldy if there's too much data to keep track of.


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Introduction Glodon Company Limited was founded in China in 1988 and declared as a public listed company on the Shenzhen SME Board in 2010. The products of Glodon are mainly of interest to those in the construction industry, including consultancies, owners, contractors. Cubicost is a new brand of Glodon designed to appeal to the international market such as US, UK, Singapore, Hong Kong, Malaysia, etc. Cubicost is BIM-based quantity takeoff software developed on a self-owned platform. It is dedicated to providing a professional quantity takeoff solution for construction cost estimating. Cubicost BIM suite is comprised of four individual BIM-based software products (Cubicost Takeoff for Architecture and Structure (TAS), Cubicost Takeoff for Rebar (TRB), Cubicost Takeoff for Mechanical and Electrical (TME), Cubicost TBQ) that are focused on different needs required in the quantity surveying business. The functions of these four products as a group encomes all the requirements for cost estimation for the entire lifecycle of construction projects. 


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Rapid modelling Cubicost enables the editing of BIM models and s the import and exports of various file formats such as IFC, JPG, PDF and DWG to build 3D models efficiently. Cubicost TAS operates to calculate the quantities of architectural and structural elements such as concrete, formwork, steel structure, finish and the like intelligently. It has various elements and comprehensive features embedded in the software. The elements include simple elements such as columns, beams, walls, slabs and foundations as well as complicated elements such as arched beams, arched slabs and spherical slabs. Automatic calculation Cubicost has built-in localised calculation rules such as SMM series, 97 and NRM to meet the different needs of the international market. The software is able to automatically deduct quantities among elements to ensure accuracy of calculation. Also, according to design principles, 3D models can be combined, identified, resolved and generated automatically in TAS. For example, calculation of finishes can be easily done by attaching the finishes elements to the room elements and then placing the room to the corresponding model. Convenient model sharing and transfer Cubicost s the rapid adjustment of BIM models to increase the efficiency of team collaboration. s are able to share data between TAS, TRB and TBQ in of models, quantities, prices, etc to efficiently generate tender documents. This encourages team collaboration in a project especially in cases where are measuring different elements on the same project. Cubicost TBQ can be linked with TAS and TRB file to enable automatic updates in quantities measured. Error checking With various built-in reports, Cubicost allows quantities to be viewed in total or by element, floor, etc. The reports also allows a specific quantity in the report to be located to the corresponding element in 3D model via the Reversely Check feature. Through the model, calculation expressions or 3D deduction diagrams of the elements can be viewed. This allows for quick checks to determine if there are any outstanding items to takeoff.


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Software Application for Quantity Surveying | CSC 60603 Ease of modification Cubicost TAS provides a variation order module specially developed to handle the management of variation orders. This module allows direct modification of specific elements to accommodate variations throughout the project timeline by only adjusting model information and re-performing calculations for certain elements.

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Performance issues Cubicost requires a computer hardware with high performance as it uses a lot of the computer’s RAM (Random Access Memory) to run the software especially if it is required to open a large file. Hence, s with old computer hardwares are obliged to upgrade their computers with additional RAM to work with the amount of information in the file. Without it, the performance of the software would ultimately slow down which causes inefficiency in taking off quantities. Learning curve Cubicost softwares are embedded with numerous functions which, unfortunately, demands s to devote time and money to familiarise themselves as well as to master these functions. It has a relatively complicated interface which makes it time-consuming to pick up and become proficient especially without professional advise and training.

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The following shows examples of 3D models generated on Cubicost. 

Butterworth 38-Storey Multi-Block Serviced Apartment With Facilities Floor And 7 Floors Of Elevated Carpark Podium And 2 Level Of Sub-Basement Structure.


Genting 39-Storey Multi-Block Hotel Buildings With Serviced Apartment Tower, Recreational Game House, Facilities Podium And Basement Carpark.

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Introduction Buildsoft is an Australian company that develops and markets computer software for the building and construction industry. Buildsoft is specialised in estimating softwares designed to help builders, estimators, contractors, subcontractors and tradespeople. Among the variety of products developed by Buildsoft are Cubit BIM, MudShark, Global and Bartender. All of the products are designed for the construction industry. These products are generally used for residential, commercial and the infrastructure purposes and are known to be exported to over 20 countries globally through a select network of accredited overseas distributors. Cubit is a take-off and estimating software that allows the to trace over digital drawings to generate quantities. It is available in three versions: Cubit Lite, Cubit Standard and Cubit Pro. As Cubit Standard is the bestseller and most recommended by the official website, we will be choosing Cubit Standard for the purpose of this comparative analysis.


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Smooth integration between takeoff and estimating The interface displays both the drawing to perform quantity takeoff and the estimate where the quantities would be input automatically. Hence, s can achieve greater control and accuracy as well as save time without needing to switch windows to check between the quantities from the drawings and data in the estimates. 3D perspective to allow cross-checking Cubit allows the to trace directly over the imported plans which can be in PDF, CAD (DWG, DXF), BIM (DWFx) or image file format. This function allows taking-off to be quick and accurate. Accuracy can be further improved by viewing the model in any angle in 3D. A 3D perspective allows the to cross-reference the quantities that have been traced with the drawing as well as check that openings are properly deducted.   Variety of functions for easy control of estimates The estimate sheet is very flexible and easy to adjust. s are able to link information from any cell, range of cells or rows into the estimate. Revit allows s to extract quantities from Revit to an Excel sheet for pricing or a costing solution can be connected to Revit via API (Application Programming Interface). Also, there is a TSUM function to calculate trade totals and multiply it by a percentage. The Referencing pane allows you to drag and drop items from a price list directly into the estimate. Efficient update by templates Cost estimators can save time by collecting pricing information of sub-contractors or suppliers and saving them as template price lists. This ensures accuracy as well as maximises profitability. Templates are also useful to compile the company’s common trades required in a project to save time in future estimates. Price list templates can be created to suit the needs of the by sorting the list either by state, region or trades. The software is able to automatically update the existing estimate in accordance to the most recent template price lists. Versatility of the estimate Cubit allows the to group information together using simple codes. The element of a project can be broken down and its data sorted into different formats so that it can be quickly analysed. This function is useful for the quantity surveyor in the event the client requests for information or to determine budgets at different stages. For example, if the client requests for the volume of concrete on a particular storey of a building, the information can be retrieved


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Software Application for Quantity Surveying | CSC 60603 easily if the estimate was coded by material. The estimate itself can be exported to Microsoft Excel or other third-party application. Ease of modification Variations can be easily handled with Cubit as any new drawings can be overlaid onto the existing plan with the quantities. The difference between both the drawings will be highlighted by a different colour allowing all revisions made to the previous drawing to be easily viewed. Quantities can be edited directly on the plan. Any updates will be automatically linked to the estimate.

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Inability to recover deleted data from history Buildsoft does not offer the feature to recover previous data after amendments have been made. Hence, although the variation process is simple, it is difficult to pull up previous versions for reference. This is important when preparing variation orders or final s as we would also require old information include in the reports. Difficulty in creating a template Templates which accurately suits the needs of the company might prove to be complicated to design. It can also be time-consuming to create a template which would not be suitable for companies who have just adopted this software and are rushing for deadlines. The template creating process would be counter productive in speeding up the taking off process. Typing errors Cubit does not identify typing errors for figures which have been input manually. These errors can only be picked up manually. For example: actual length is 6.86m but was typed as 6.68m. The estimate will be affected due to human error. Hence, BQ preparation will require extra time to key the figure into the computer to avoid the mistakes or errors. Virus Attack Anti-virus softwares are required to protect the computer against virus attacks. The should have licensed anti-virus software so that the virus definition can be updated daily. The software can detect the virus attack and quarantined or killed the virus and also protect the computer and system. The problem is when no anti-virus was installed, the virus can attack the computer system and also all the content of the computer. If this happen, the data may be lost and may be cannot be covered by any means. 


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Autodesk Revit is a popular BIM software for project collaboration and 3D digital modelling. It is essentially a software based on the virtualisation and simulation of a physical building which combines features for structural and architectural design as well as mechanical and electrical design in a single, comprehensive application. It allows s to design the structure and components in 3D, annotate the model with 2D drafting elements, and access building information from the building model's database. Autodesk Revit 4D BIM is embedded with tools to handle the construction cycle from the planning stage to the construction stage even to the maintenance stage. It also provides functions for the quantity surveyor in estimation such as creating schedules for automatic 3D model quantification. Albeit primarily a design software, there are companies which uses Revit for the sole purpose of model takeoff.


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Material Takeoff Revit allows s to find out the quantities and cost of the materials. The software provides the type and properties of a component, its structural material, etc. The software allows the engineer to input detailed information about the component into the model allowing an accurate takeoff. The material takeoff function performs the taking off process by generating the quantity of each component made with different materials. The can input the material cost into the schedule.

Schedule Of Material Elements And Material Cost For Material Takeoff

Customisable schedules The schedule to be generated can be customised by dragging and dropping intended fields. Hence, s can determine exactly which information is required to be in the schedule. For example, types of a specific element as well as the length, area or volume of the material. The schedule generated can be sorted and grouped by material, thereby, creating a total for the cost which can then be exported to Microsoft Excel.

Drag And Drop Menu For Creating Takeoff Schedule

Create calculated fields from the model Revit allows s to calculate quantities required for the preparation of the bills of quantities. This can be achieved by adding a calculated value into the schedule. The calculated value is input by creating a formula for the component. For example, if the number of stiffeners is required to be in the schedule, the can input a formula - length of


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Software Application for Quantity Surveying | CSC 60603 the wall divided by the distance between stiffeners. The software would generate and include calculated value into the schedule. 3D Modeling With Revit software, architectural designers can quickly sketch a rough layout of the floor plan, or make changes to the standard set of building designs. This allows the model to be previewed in 3D. 3D design views allows the to visualise the building to determine all the components involved in quantity taken off. 3D modelling capacity of Revit architecture enables designers and drafters to easily identify the clashes and areas of congestion, and resolve them early in the process. It results in error-free and high quality construction documentations. Collaborative functions Unlike AutoCAD, Revit allows all project data to be stored in a single project file, permitting multiple s to work on the same project file and merge their changes with every save. All changes in Revit are coordinated across the entire project, so a change in one place is a simultaneous change in all views. Section views, elevations, and schedules are live views of the Single Building Model and require no updates or refreshing when the model changes. Multi-Talented The program can be used to facilitate design, construction, procurement, pricing, life safety, ongoing maintenance, facility management and much more.

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Difficulty in doing variations Quantity takeoff on Revit is done by generating material schedules with the information of the type and specifications of material used. As this software is essentially a design software developed for architects and engineers, it does not provide auto-revisioning functions. In the event the design is changed, the would have to re-generate all the quantities from scratch. This process is time-consuming and unpractical. Large memory required The software requires a large memory to fully install it into computer. This will cause the to free up most of the space in their computers. The software is about 5GB which is quite large for a design software.


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CostX by Exactal

Cubicost by Glodon

32 Cubit (Standard) Autodesk Revit by Buildsoft

Take-off On Screen Quantity Take-off Import Files Compatibility

BIM, CAD (DWG, DXF), PDF, JPEG, etc

2D & 3D BIM Modelling Auto-revisioning Error checking Variation Management Estimating Library for Price Lists Subcontractor Management Report Bill of Quantities Report Export to Excel Consideration Learning Curve

Easy to master; -friendly interface

Difficult to master; Average difficulty various functions to master on screen

Difficult to master; requires design knowledge

Online Training &

Complete and elaborate guide to software from Exactal

Forums and videos produced online by professionals

Numerous guides provide on Buildsoft's official website

Simple step-bystep guide from Autodesk; multiple forums by s

Minimum system requirements

• Windows 7 • 4GB RAM • 2GB free disk space




Price

$$

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Software Application for Quantity Surveying | CSC 60603 According to the analysis of above four softwares, CostX is suggested for small/medium companies in measurement and generating bill of quantities. Time and cost are the most concerned factors in small/medium scale companies. New employees or juniors are expected to pick up fast to assist the project. Excel-style input structure makes the program intuitive and accessible for new s. This results in shorter training time. The fact that CostX features comprehensive functions between different libraries and workbook provides competitive value for the entire software package. The lower cost per license means cost saving in company expenses. As compared to Revit and Glodon, it appears as the more economical option in the market. Although the program itself can be fairly resource intensive, that is only applicable to much older system. Moreover, CostX does not require high system requirements from the computer such as advance graphic card unlike Revit and Glodon. Therefore, Glodon, Revit and Buildsoft which require high initial investment cost and annual maintenance fees are only limited for large corporation or multinational companies. Cubit can be used either standalone or Cloud while CostX can be used with standalone and on premise. Again, it depends on what are the company’s needs and scale of projects.


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, Manual Measurement

CAD Measurement

BIM

1. No yearly subscriptions

1. Data storing and accessibility

1. Ultimate collaboration

No software costs or operator training are required

With CAD, there’s no need for large cabinets to

BIM’s cloud functionality ensures a smoother start

for manual measurement. It is the cheapest way to

store rolls of drafting papers and blueprint

off when working collaboratively. During briefing, all

take measurement as only printing cost is needed.

compared to manual measurement as everything

parties share the same design, cost and scheduling

including the measurements can be created and

information at the same time, which will be updated

2. No training required

saved in soft copy formats (i.e. USB drive, server

regularly.

Firms that operate with manual measurement do

or cloud). CAD measurement can be accessed

not require expensive/ special training for staff to

from anywhere with internet connection.

operate the softwares.

2. Communication BIM helps increase communication and

2. Template and database creation

understanding with potential stakeholders as it

s can create various CAD templates with basic

allows sharing and updating information in real

details that can be reused anytime. This helps to

time. Digital mock-ups can be created to give

save time by providing basic information. The CAD

potential stakeholders a clear picture of a building’s

files can be used as database as well. The CAD

appearance and its impact of the surrounding

templates and database can be accessed through

areas.

a wide area network once they are created. However, the drawings and measurement that

3. Faster decision making process

created manually can only be stored locally.

It’s easier and faster to make decision as team are able to visualize the project with most updated information.


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CAD Measurement

BIM

1. Lack of security

1. Higher start-up cost

1. Training and software cost

Paper document for manual measurement can be

More expenses required to invest in computer

A large initial investment is required for updating

less secured than electronic system. This is

hardware for maximum performance. If a company

software, hardware and the training of staff.

because misplaced documents can easily be

wants to invest in CAD softwares throughout the

Moreover, companies need time to adapt

placed in the wrong hands. Meaning there is risk of

company, it could end up with high cost in

implementation of new technologies in term of

exposing private and confidential material.

computer upgrades.

changing in workflow and work process.

2. Time and cost of training staff

2. Incompatibility with partners

Training for operating the CAD software may

BIM has yet to be universally used among

require several days to weeks. Some courses may

construction professionals. Models can’t be shared

require extra fees too.

across all consultants if some have not adopted BIM application.


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Manual Measurement

CAD Measurement

BIM

1. Avoid deviations between

1. Accuracy

1. Better representation and visualization of architect’s

measured quantities and

With CAD, there are different tools and methods available to

design

actual value

eliminate human errors, to obtain exact dimensions and thus

The inability of client to read the drawing may affects them in

A beginner who is not proficient

leading to creation of highly accurate design and drawings

specifying the brief effectively. BIM provides a 3D virtual

at the software would not

with precise measurement.

model that enables clients to visually understand how a

understand how quantities are

building will be constructed. Thus, clients may ‘virtually’ walk

being measured in the software.

2. Increase the productivity of the designers

around their building to confirm that the project design

For instance, deduction of

By using CAD, the designers able to visualize the final

requirements are met.

openings for finishes. If small

product that is to be made. The product can also be given

values accumulates during

animation and see how the actual product will work, thus

2. Improve productivity

design stage, tender quantities

helping the designers to immediately make the modification

BIM synchronizes all the drawings in the project such as

will be inaccurate. Hence, prices

if required. CAD software helps s in synthesizing,

plans, sections, elevations and perspectives, as all these

might deviate very far from the

analyzing, measuring and documenting the design. All these

drawings are extracted from the model. Any changes in the

actual value and thus would

functions are help in improving the productivity of the

drawing is incorporated in the model. Lot of labors and time

affect the tender later.

designers.

can be saved when deriving quantities from BIM model with the use of tools such as element counts, volumes and areas.

3. Improve the quality of design Higher accuracy will lead to better designs and

3. Fewer reworks

measurements and these helps carrying out manufacturing

s may identify potential problems in design and fix them

faster and reducing the wastages that could have occurred

before the error is committed in the physical world. For

because of faulty designs and measurements.

example, s can automate clash detection in BIM before they move onto building structure. Hence, faults and reworking efforts will reduce thus shortening the time spent.


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Manual Measurement

CAD Measurement

BIM

1. Prone to damage and being misplaced

1. Experiencing loss of information

1. Lack of experts

Printed papers bear the risk of being damaged,

Information such as measurement can be instantly

There are limited numbers of experts working in

lost, or misplaced. A fire or natural disaster could

lost or corrupted if a computer problems such as

this field when compared to CAD. To overcome this

mean the loss of all the client’s important

power cuts and viruses occurs as there are no auto

barrier, additional investment in training and

information. It will takes a lot of effort for getting the

back-up system. The most common reason for

education such as training programs and

information back.

corruption is software crashes while saving data to

workshops are being arranged.

a file. 2. Difficulty in looking for information when

2. Size and complexity of BIM

needed

2. Inability to prepare Bills of Quantities

One of the major constraints to BIM is the size and

It is hard to trace for information manually.

Unlike BIM software, CAD is just a tool which helps

complexity of the files that BIM models create. The

Moreover, if too many drawings are left

in measuring the quantity only but does not have

large size of BIM files will require different means

unorganised, it would waste time in searching the

the function of preparing bill of quantities. Hence,

of data sharing. Real time access to the database

information from there especially if one is retrieving

data must be transferred to another software or

from distant firms may require large and high

information from old projects.

manually to continue preparing the bills of

speed broadband internet access, available at all

quantities for the project.

time. The potential problem such as data corruption, sabotage and loss requires significant attention is paid to data stability and security for the firms.


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CAD Measurement

BIM

1. Costing, evaluating,

1. Allow architect to draw accurately

1. Easier visualisation of the project

valuing and varying

Features like object snaps with polar tracking or specifying

Similarly to previous stage, the modelling process allows for an

building works becomes

exact coordinates are for obtaining exact dimensions. Less

easier visualisation of the project.This ease the

easier

complaint of mistakes in drawings, dimensions, from the

communication process between consultants and client.

As the criteria by which the

production engineer.

quantities are measured

2. Detects clashes and constructibility issues

are pre-determined and

2. Flexible To Organize Drawing Information

BIM 3D Models highlight temporary work requirements,

produced in a consistent

During pre-constructions, drawings can be edited without

constructibility issues and potential clashes. Besides, BIM

manner, which is familiar to

erasing and redrawing. Drafting methods that use rulers,

provides site investigation information in a standards format

the construction industry,

squares and comes is provided. Layers can be displayed,

making it easier to interrogate and linking it with the 3D Model.

makes the building works

edited, and printed separately.

much easier to predict,

3. Common Data Environment

especially once the

3. Creating database for manufacturing

BIM’s common data environment ensures that all development

construction work has

When creating the data for the documentation of the deg,

information is linked during pre-award stage and accessible

progressed.

most of the data for manufacturing is created like products and

through one common respiratory.

component drawings, material required, dimensions, shape 2. Does not require any

etc.

software application to do

4. Produce reliable and accurate cost estimates before construction starts

taking off elements

4. Enable checking tool paths

Estimators are able to identify the relationships between

s only require basic

The ability to run a simulation and so the complete

quantities, costs and locations and it can also help to

measurement knowledge in

machining process in a virtual environment is critical for

differentiate the areas and components of the building that

measurement and only

keeping waste and scrap to a minimum. CAD simulations are

contribute to the total cost of the project.

incurred printing charges.

also useful for scheduling, planning, material supply and delivery.


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Manual Measurement

CAD Measurement

BIM

1. Time consuming

1. Lost of work due to computer breakdown

1. Model content may not be totally correct

Time consuming process in requesting unclear

Information and work done can be instantly lost or

Modelling practices during the pre-construction

information from consultant and in manual taking

be corrupted by viruses if a computer problem

phase are critical for the quality of the finished

off quantities by using scale ruler and calculator.

occurs and there are no back ups. Work are also in

project. BIM modelling content may contain error

the risk of being stolen or ‘hacked’.

as information obtained from different resources resulting lots of problem occur.

2. Lack of sufficient knowledge and understanding of construction technology by younger generation The rules for manual measuring requires experiences and practices. Some students might rely more on computers and expect to engage with their studies using computer systems.


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Manual Measurement

CAD Measurement

BIM

1. Facilitate the approval of

1. Established drafting standards

1. Site Coordination

progress payment by the client

Architects can ensure conformity to industry or company

BIM is useful for the contractors in planning for the site

Any progress payment can be

standards by creating styles for text, dimensions, and line-

logistics, develop traffic layouts and identify potential

ed by picture in hard copy.

types that can apply consistently. Besides, using drawing

hazards at the site by utilising the 3D or 4D of site

templates will help in quickly start the new drawings that

coordination models.

conform to standards. 2. Serves as a coordination tool to optimise the 2. Code reuse

collaboration among project team

As the entire task is carried out with the help of computer

BIM model can be used to deliver updates from the

tools, it removes the problem of duplication of labour,

project team to the contractor, such as refinements to the

where the architects can copy the different parts of code

site levels for site drainage and plant species

and design which can then be reused multiple times over

substitutions.

and over again. 3. Provides contractors with full control of material 3. Better communication

quantities in a project

Better and standardised drawings can be made easily

Contractors are able to instantly generate precise quantity

using CAD software. The CAD software helps in better

take-offs from a completed model for building materials in

documentation of the design, fewer drawing errors, and

construction projects that tend to encounter greater

greater legibility.

deviations from quantity estimates, or building materials that can potentially have greater impacts on the budget, such as concrete or reinforcing bars. This provides contractors with full control of material quantities in a project, which in turn leads to cost control.


26


,

A3

12 5 ,

Manual Measurement

CAD Measurement

BIM

1. Human error

1. Limitations of measurements

1. Incompatibility with partners

Manual taking off workload is high and hence the

Measurements are limited, such as QS could only

Not every construction company are using or has

chance of errors is high. Besides, missing element

measure 2D outlines like lengths or areas only

the knowledge on adopting BIM in the industry

may be unavoidable as too much elements needed

based on 2D drawings, but could measure the

nowadays. For example, it is possible that the

to take into by a measurer.

volume out on 3D drawings.

subcontractors did not use BIM and do not know how to access and extract the information from the

2. Requires understanding upon vast quantities

model.

of data Design, engineering, manufacturing, and

2. Much larger file sizes than traditional CAD

maintenance processes have routinely existed in

systems

virtual isolation from one another. Part of the scope

More larger and complex files which require higher

challenge relates to data, especially as products

performing computer hardware to operate.

become complex. Another part relates to people because the graphics vocabulary used in the design process is dramatically different from the one used when the product is being manufactured and assembled.


27


0

,

A3

12 5


CAD Measurement

BIM

1. Easy reference

1. Easy saving and sharing

1. Ensures the seamless transportation of data

A well signposted set of dimensions ultimately

All the designs and drawings created with the help

to facility owners

saves time and money in the event that the take-off

of CAD can be easily saved and preserved for

With the space information available in a high level

has to be referred to, such as where the final

future use and reference. These saved drawings

of detail (LOD) BIM model, managers can have

has to be adjusted as a result of variations.

can also be edited and printed whenever required.

access to essential data about each nook and

Some components from the drawing can also be

cranny of a facility. Because any changes made

standardized for future uses. Unlike the manual

during different stages of construction are

drafting, the CAD drawings require less space and

represented in a BIM model, the facility data

can be stored in hard drive, USB pen drive or cloud

handed over to owners will perfectly reflect the site

and can be shared easily.

as it was built. This eliminates the potential for any discrepancies resulting from a change of plans while the facility was being built.


28


0

,

A3

12 5 ,

Manual Measurement

CAD Measurement

BIM

1. Large amount of disorganised files to deal

1. Requires yearly subscriptions or training

1. Contractual changes on economic incentives

with

CAD systems may involve software update costs or

and ownership of information

Manual measurement for a project is heavily

operator training. Yearly subscriptions for the CAD

The correct way of dividing the economic benefits

dependent on paper. There might be waste of

software, operating systems and other ing

gained by BIM implementation should be

calculations or unclear drawings, all the documents

software applications are required. Sometimes with

determined between project participants to avoid

need to be organised and categorised for ease of

yearly updates, the CAD operators would need

any financial disputes.

future reference.

additional training on the updated CAD software.


29


(

1

B

C

7 Ways BIM can help you in tender stage of your Construction process | Revit Modeling India. (2018). Retrieved from http://www.revitmodelingindia.com/7-ways-bim-can-helptender-stage-construction-process/ About Buildsoft. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.buildsoft.com.au/about An Evening with BIM Estimating - exploring 5D BIM for the QS. (n.d.). Retrieved from https:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=UZCWpqL0Ppg&t=2919s Autodesk Revit 2016 System Requirements and Recommendations. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://knowledge.autodesk.com//revit-products/troubleshooting/caas/ CloudHelp/cloudhelp/2016/ENU/Revit-Installation/files/GUID-2EF1661C-5A8D-41ACA28F-9678DDF545CA-htm.html Ball, M. (2018, April 11). Building Information Modeling for the Win: Top 11 Benefits of BIM. Retrieved from https://www.autodesk.com/redshift/building-information-modelingtop-11-benefits-of-bim/ Barbos, A. (2014, June 4). Advantages of CAD: 5 Reasons to Go Digital. Retrieved from https://blog.udemy.com/advantages-of-cad/ Bethany. (2017, October 2). Top 10 Benefits of Building Information Modeling (BIM). Retrieved from https://www.scan2cad.com/cad/benefits-of-bim/ BIM technology for Architecture, Engineering and Construction-Exactal Cost X. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://aecmag.com/software-mainmenu-32/249-exactal-costx BluEntCAD. (2017, September 27). BIM vs CAD: How To Know The Difference And Why? Retrieved from http://www.bluentcad.com/blog/bim-vs-cad-how-to-know-the-differenceand-why/ CAD Manufacturing Benefits Benefits: Production Engineering advantages. (2018). Retrieved from http://www.advice-manufacturing.com/CAD-ManufacturingBenefits.html Construction Estimating Software - CostX. Retrieved from https://www.capterra.com/p/ 75416/CostX/ Cubicost - MY. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.facebook.com/GlodonMY/ Cubicost by Glodon (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.capterra.com/p/156716/Cubicost/ Cubit by Buildsoft (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.capterra.com/p/126183/Cubit/ Cubit Standard - Takeoff Software, Bill of Quantities Software. (n.d.). Retrieved from https:// www.bsssoftware.co.uk/cubit-standard/ Dave, D. (2017, November 21). CAD Vs BIM: Advantages and Disadvantages. Retrieved from https://thebimhub.com/2017/11/21/cad-vs-bim-advantages-disadvantages/ #.WuwSUIiFPIV Davi, J. (2018, January 5). 5 Advantages of Manual Dafting and CAD Drafing. Retrieved from https://www.urcadservices.com/single-post/2018/01/04/Five-Advantages-ofManual-Drafting-and-CAD-Drafting


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Software Application for Quantity Surveying | CSC 60603 Gregerson, J. (2018). Model behavior: How to optimize BIM during preconstruction BuiltWorlds. Retrieved from https://builtworlds.com/news/model-behavior-how-tooptimize-bim-during-preconstruction/ Impact of BIM on Quantity Surveying. Retrieved from http://www.puja-brunei.org/pdf/2015/ Impact%20of%20BIM%20on%20Quantity%20Surveyors%20-%20Syukri%20& %20Alex.pdf James, T. (n.d.). The Advantages and Disadvantages of CAD.CAM. Retrieved from https:// classroom.synonym.com/advantages-disadvantages-cadcam-10002481.html Manual for Quantity Surveyors | Specification (Technical Standard) | Invoice. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.idoub.com/document/93137499/Manual-for-QuantitySurveyors Material Takeoff in Revit. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aQVeTdMk_o Mineer, D. (2015, December 3). Pros & Cons of Using a BIM Model for your Next Project. Retrieved from https://www.constructionmonitor.com/blog/2015/12/03/pros-cons-ofusing-a-bim-model-for-your-next-project/ Paper, W., & 2016, J. (2018). SIX KEY BENEFITS OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING (BIM). Retrieved from https://www.milenderwhite.com/content/s/ Media/BIM-White-Paper-july-27-2016.pdf Quantity Take-Off Reduced by 25% - Cubicost (n.d.). Retrieved from http:// www.cubicost.com/newcon/index.aspx? nodeid=11&page=ContentPage&contentid=317 Revit Architecture | Revit | Autodesk. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.autodesk.com/ products/revit/architecture Revit Tutorials Simple Material and Quantity Takeoffs. (n.d.). Retrieved from https:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=BBqLCT6sshY Sharafutdinova, A. (2015). BIM in practice. Retrieved from https://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/ handle/10024/97994/Thesis_Aliia_DDCIV2014-2015.pdf?sequence=1 Suvo. (2010, March 16). Ten Reasons Why you should use CAD rather Than Manual Drafting. Retrieved from https://www.brighthubengineering.com/cad-autocad-reviewstips/66408-ten-reasons-why-you-should-use-cad-rather-than-manual-drafting/ TAS is qualified for dual IFC Certificate - Cubicost. (n.d.). Retrieved from http:// www.cubicost.com/newcon/index.aspx?nodeid=11&page=ContentPage&contentid=14 Technical Vision. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.buildingsmart.org/standards/technicalvision/ Top 5 BIM Quantity Takeoff Software – 3D Model Based Estimating Solutions. (2018, February 01). Retrieved from http://estimationqs.com/top-5-bim-quantity-takeoffsoftware/ Tutorial Revit 05: How to get the bill of quantities from the Revit model. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qPcbSACvUx8 What are the advantages and disadvantages of CAD CAM? (2016, January 9). Retrieved from https://crbtech.in/CAD-CAM-Training/advantages-disadvantages-cad-cam/


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