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CC303 Hydraulics 1
POLYTECHNICS MINISTRY OF HIGHER EDUCATION MALAYSIA DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
COURSE
:
CC303 HYDRAULICS 1
INSTRUCTIONAL DURATION
:
15 WEEKS
CREDIT(S)
:
2
PREREQUISITE(S)
:
NONE
SYNOPSIS HYDRAULICS 1 course provides the students with knowledge and understanding of behaviour of fluids, through the study of fluid flow in typical civil engineering applications. This course includes study of fluid characteristics, fluid pressure, Bernoulli theorem, Moody’s diagrams, energy loss in pipes, uniform flow in open channel and conducting laboratory works.
LEARNING OUTCOMES Upon completion of this course, students should be able to: 1. Explain clearly the fluid characteristics,fluid pressure and solve problems in flow of fluid using Bernoulli’s Equation. (C4) 2. Apply principles to solve problems in laminar and turbulent flow and relation to Reynolds number, Darcy’s and Hagen-Poiseuille equation for problem solving (C3) 3. Apply appropriate knowledge in minor loss in pipe and uniform flow in open channel (C3). 4. Conduct correctly methods and procedures of hydraulics solution towards practical problems (P2). 5. Demonstrate positive team working attributes by contributing actively in group for laboratory tests that yield valid results (A3).
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CC303 Hydraulics 1
SUMMARY
( 30 LECTURE : 30 PRACTICAL ) RTA ( 04:06 )
1.0
FLUID CHARACTERISTICS This topic covers definition of fluid, hydrostatic and hydrodynamic, differences in physical characteristics of fluid and gas, density, specific weight, specific gravity, dynamic viscosity, kinematics viscosity, newtonian and non-newtonian fluid.
2.0
FLUID PRESSURE This topic introduces the students to the concept of pressure and pressure head, pressure distribution diagram, atmospheric pressure, absolute pressure and gauge pressure, measurement of atmospheric pressure, measurement of pressure in pipe using Manometer.
( 04:00 )
3.0
FLOW OF FLUIDS AND BERNOULLI’S EQUATION This topic introduces the concept of continuity equation and its applications in tapered and branched pipe. Students will learn about Bernoulli’s equation and its application in uniform pipe, tapered pipe and ventury meter and flow through orifice.
( 06:06 )
4.0
REYNOLDS NUMBER AND ENERGY LOSSES DUE TO FRICTION This topic discusses laminar and turbulent flows, Reynolds number, Darcy’s and Hagen-Poiseuille equation for energy loss, and the friction factor using Moody’s Diagram.
( 06:06 )
5.0
MINOR LOSSES IN PIPE This topic discusses the energy loss that occurs as fluids flow through pipes due to sudden contractions and expansions, the entrance of fluid from a tank into a pipe, the exit of fluid from a pipe into a tank and pipe bends. It covers the flow rate through pipes in series and pipes in parallel.
( 04:06 )
6.0
UNIFORM FLOW IN OPEN CHANNEL This topic discusses uniform flow, Chezy’s and Manning’s coefficients for several types of channel surfaces and to determine the best hydraulic cross section of the minimum area for a given flow rate.
( 06:06 )
RTA : Recommended Time Allocation
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CC303 Hydraulics 1
SYLLABUS
1.0
2.0
FLUID CHARACTERISTICS 1.1
Understand fluid properties and definitions 1.1.1 Define fluids 1.1.2 Explain the physical characteristics of liquid and gas 1.1.3 Define density, specific weight, and specific gravity 1.1.4 Identify the relationships between specific weight, specific gravity, and density and solve problems using these relationships.
1.2
Learn the physical nature and significance of viscosity in fluid flows 1.2.1 Define dynamic viscosity 1.2.2 Define kinematic viscosity 1.2.3 Explain ideal fluid, Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluid 1.2.4 Solve problems related to fluid properties
1.3
Conduct Fluid Characteristics experiment 1.3.1 Arrange work procedure accordingly 1.3.2 Execute safety and health procedure 1.3.3 Handle the given task correctly 1.3.4 Identify the data needed 1.3.5 Accomplish the task within a time frame given 1.3.6 Document the task and produce the report
FLUID PRESSURE 2.1
3.0
Understand pressure and pressure variation in a fluid at rest. 2.1.1 Explain the concept of pressure and pressure head 2.1.2 Explain the relationship between absolute pressure, gauge pressure, and atmospheric pressure. 2.1.3 Describe the properties of air at standard atmospheric pressure. 2.1.4 Explain the relationship between a change in elevation and the change in pressure in a fluid. 2.1.5 Describe a barometer, piezometer, U-tube manometer. 2.1.6 Determine the pressure difference in manometer
FLOW OF FLUIDS AND BERNOULLI’S EQUATION 3.1
Understand Continuity equation and its application 3.1.1 Define velocity and flow rate 3.1.2 State Continuity equation 3.1.3 Determine the velocity and flow rate using Continuity equation for a. tapered pipe b. branched pipe
3.2
Understand Bernoulli’s equation and its application 3.2.1 Explain pressure energy, kinetic energy and potential energy in of head 3.2.2 Explain the principle of conservation of energy
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3.2.4 3.2.5 3.2.6 3.3
4.0
5.0
CC303 Hydraulics 1
Determine flow rate through a. uniform pipe b. tapered pipe c. ventury meter Define small and large orifice Explain coefficient of contraction, coefficient of velocity and coefficient of flow rate Determine the flow rate through orifice
Conduct Bernoulli Theorem experiment 3.3.1 Arrange work procedure accordingly 3.3.2 Execute safety and health procedure 3.3.3 Handle the given task correctly 3.3.4 Identify the data needed 3.3.5 Accomplish the task within a time frame given 3.3.6 Document the task and produce the report
REYNOLDS NUMBER AND ENERGY LOSSES DUE TO FRICTION 4.1
Understand the behaviour of fluids flowing in pipes 4.1.1 Define steady flow and unsteady flow 4.1.2 Explain laminar flow, turbulent flow and transition flow 4.1.3 State the Reynolds number formula 4.1.4 Identify the limiting values of the Reynolds number 4.1.5 Calculate the Reynolds number
4.2
Understand energy losses that occur in real pipeline 4.2.1 Explain main losses and minor losses in a pipe system 4.2.2 Define the friction factor 4.2.3 Explain Darcy’s equation for computing the energy loss due to friction for either laminar or turbulent flow 4.2.4 Explain the Hagen-Poiseuille equation for computing the energy loss due to friction in laminar flow 4.2.5 Determine the friction factor using Moody’s Diagram 4.2.6 Determine the energy loss due to friction
4.3
Conduct Reynolds Number experiment 4.3.1 Arrange work procedure accordingly 4.3.2 Execute safety and health procedure 4.3.3 Handle the given task correctly 4.3.4 Identify the data needed 4.3.5 Accomplish the task within a time frame given 4.3.6 Document the task and produce the report
MINOR LOSSES 5.1
Understand the energy losses in pipe networks. 5.1.1 Explain minor losses in pipe 5.1.2 Determine minor losses due to: a. sudden enlargement b. sudden contraction c. exit loss d. entrance loss e. pipe bends
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6.0
CC303 Hydraulics 1
Determine flow through pipes in series Determine flow through pipes in parallel Draw hydraulic grade line and total energy line
Conduct Minor Losses experiment 5.2.1 Arrange work procedure accordingly 5.2.2 Execute safety and health procedure 5.2.3 Handle the given task correctly 5.2.4 Identify the data needed 5.2.5 Accomplish the task within a time frame given 5.2.6 Document the task and produce the report
UNIFORM FLOW IN OPEN CHANNEL 6.1
Understand the concept of uniform flow in open channel. 6.1.1 Define uniform flow. 6.1.2 Explain hydraulic gradient, wet perimeter and hydraulic radius 6.1.3 State Chezy’s formula and coefficient for several types of surface of channel 6.1.4 Determine flow rate, section dimension or channel slope using Chezy’s formula 6.1.5 State Manning's formula and coefficients for several types of surface of channel 6.1.6 Determine the flow rate, section dimension or channel slope using Manning's formula 6.1.7 Determine the best hydraulic cross section of rectangular and trapezium shape channel using Chezy’s and Manning’s formula
6.2
Conduct Uniform Flow experiment 6.2.1 Arrange work procedure accordingly 6.2.2 Execute safety and health procedure 6.2.3 Handle the given task correctly 6.2.4 Identify the data needed 6.2.5 Accomplish the task within a time frame given 6.2.6 Document the task and produce the report
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CC303 Hydraulics 1
ASSESSMENT The course assessment is carried out in two sections: i.
Coursework (CA) Coursework is continuous assessment that measures knowledge , technical skill and soft skills.
ii.
Final Examination(FE) Final examination is carried out at the end of the semester.
The percentage ratio of FE to CA should follow the guideline stated in the ArahanArahan Peperiksaan dan Kaedah Penilaian which is approved by the Lembaga Peperiksaan dan Penganugerahan Sijil/Diploma Politeknik ASSESSMENT SPECIFICATION TABLE (AST) ASSESSMENT METHODS FOR COURSEWORK(CA)
CLO5
CLO4
CLO3
CLO2
CLO1
CONTENT Test
*2(20*) Fluid characteristics
√
√
Fluid pressure
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√ √
√
√
√
√
√
√
Flow of fluids and Bernoulli’s equation Reynolds number and energy losses due to friction Minor losses Uniform flow in open channel
√
√
Quiz
*2(15%)
√
√
√
√
√
Other Assessm ent
Practical
*2(15%)
*5(50%)
√ √
√
√
√
√
√
√
√ √
√
√
√
Remarks : CLO1: Explain clearly the fluid characteristics, fluid pressure and solve problems in flow of fluid using Bernoulli’s Equation . CLO2: Apply principles to solve problems in laminar and turbulent flow and relation to Reynolds number, Darcy’s and Hagen-Poiseuille equation for problem solving. CLO3:Apply appropriate knowledge in minor loss in pipe and uniform flow in open channel . CLO4:Conduct correctly methods and procedures of hydraulics solution towards practical problems. CLO5: Demonstrate positive teamworking attributes by contributing actively in group laboratory tests that yield valid results.
for
*(x) refers to the quantity of assessment.
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CC303 Hydraulics 1
REFERENCES Bruce R.M, Donald F.Y, & Theodore H.O. (2006). Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics, Wiley, US Clayton T.C.,Donald F.E. & John A. R. (2005) Engineering Fluid Mechanics. Wiley, US Douglas J.F. et al (2000). Fluid Mechanics. Prentice Hall, US. E.John Finnemore .(2001). Fluids Mechanis with Engineering Applications. Mc Graw Hill. Frank M.W .(2008). Fluid Mechanics. Mc Graw Hill Robert L.M. (2006),Applied Fluid Mechanics, Prentice Hall, US
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CC303 Hydraulics 1
MATRIX OF COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES (CLO) VS PROGRAMME LEARNING OUTCOMES (PLO)
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOME (CLO)
Explain clearly the fluid characteristics, fluid pressure and solve problems in flow of fluid using Bernoulli’s Equation . Apply principles to solve problems in laminar and turbulent flow and relation to Reynolds number, Darcy’s and Hagen-Poiseuille equation for problem solving. Apply appropriate knowledge in minor loss in pipe and uniform flow in open channel .
Recommended Delivery Modes
COMPLIANCE to PLO PLO1
PLO2
PLO3
PLO4
PLO5
PLO6
PLO7
PLO8
PLO9
LD1
LD2
LD3
LD4
LD5
LD6
LD7
LD8
LD9 Interactive Learning, Discussion
√ C4 √
√
Conduct correctly methods and procedures of hydraulics solution towards practical problems
√
Interactive Learning, Discussion,
Test, Quiz, Other assessment
Interactive Learning, Discussion,
Test, Quiz, Other assessment
Practical
Practical skill
P2
Demonstrate positive teamworking attributes bycontributing actively in group for laboratory tests that yield valid results.
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Test, Quiz, Other assessment,
C3
C3
Total
Assessment
√ Practical
Practical skill
A3 3
1
1
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CC303 Hydraulics 1
Remarks: LD 1 Knowledge LD 2 Practical Skills LD 3 Communicatio Skills LD 4 Critical Thinking and Problem Solving skills LD 5 Social Skills and Resposibilities LD 6 Continious Learning and Information Management Skills LD 7 Menagement and Entepreneurial Skills LD 8 Professioalism , Ethics and Moral LD 9 Leadership and Teamwork Skiils
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N
CC303 Hydraulics 1
DISTRIBUTION OF STUDENT LEARNING TIME ACCORDING TO COURSE LEARNING –TEACHING ACTIVITY Learning and Teaching Activity
No FACE TO FACE Delivery Mode 1.0 Lecture 1.1 1.2
SLT
[ 2 hour(s) X 15 week(s)]
30
Practical
[ 2hour(s) X 15 week(s)]
30
Tutorial
[ 0 hour(s) X 15 week(s)]
0
1.3 2.0 2.1
2.2
2.3
Coursework Assessment (CA) Lecture – hour-assessment Theory Test Theory Quiz Other assessment Practical- hour- assessment
[2] [2] [2]
1 0.5 2
[ 0]
0
Tutorial – hour- assessment Tutorial Exercises
[0]
NON FACE TO FACE
4.0
Coursework Assement (CA) Other assessment Preparation and Review
4.1
Lecture
3.0
[2]
6
[0.25hour(s) X 15 week(s)]
3.75
-Preparation before theory class eg: lesson notes [/] -Review after theory class eg : additional references , discussion. [ ] 4.2
Practical
[0.25hour(s) x 15 week(s)]
3.75
-Preparation before practical class/field work/survey eg:review notes , checklist/lab sheets[ / ] -Post practical activity eg: lab report, additional references and discussion session session. [ ] -Preparation before studio work presentation/critique. [ ] 4.3
4.4
Tutorial -Preparation for tutorial Assessment -Preparation for test -Preparation for quiz
[0 hour(s)x 15 week(s)
[2] [2]
[1 [1
hour(s)x 2= 2] hour(s)x 2 =2] TOTAL Credit=SLT/40
2 2 81 2
Remarks: 1.Suggested time for Quiz = 10 -15 minutes Test (theory)= 20-30 minutes Test (Practical)=45 to 60 minutes 2.
40 National hours is equivalent to 1 credit
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