Ppt -seminar On Nanotechnology 1424e

Application of Nanotechnology in Civil Infrastructure

Guided by, Er. JISHA BALAKRISHNAN Asst. Professor Civil Engineering Dept.

Presented by,

CRISVIN JAMES Roll No:9 Sem-VII College of Engg. Kidangoor

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Contents  Introduction  Nanotechnology ?  Introduction to Nanomaterials  Nanotechnology in Civil Engineering

 Application of Nanotechnology  Barriers Some Real Life Examples….  Conclusion College of Engineering Kidangoor

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Introduction Atomic, molicular, & super molecular scale  Related to construction Active research

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Nanotechnology – “ Technology Manipulating At Range Billionth Of A Meter”

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Nanotechnology ? “Nanotechnology is the science that deals with

the matters at nanoscale”

 The Nano-scale - 1nm to 100nm.  At Nano-scale, material properties are altered larger scales.  Materials with improved or totally new properties.  A nanometer - billionth of a meter (1 nm = 10-9 m).

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Nanotechnology in Civil Engineering  Used for design and construction processes  Fix current construction problems  Enhance properties of material used in construction.  Satisfy the general aspect of people i.e. of quality, control & reliability.  Reduce cost of constructing structures  Firm construction, innovative deg and smart maintenance

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Introduction to Nano Materials Some impotant nanomaterials are shown below:-

1.Nano-particles: 

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dimension less than 200nm. made of semiconducting material (eg - Silicon)

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2.Carbon Nano Tubes (CNT) :PROPERTIES

CARBON NANOTUBES

STEEL

 cylindrical in shape

Youngs Modulus (GPa)

1000

210

 High production cost

Tensile strength (GPa)

63

1.2

Yield stress (GPa)

52

0.83

Density (g cm-3)

1.35

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 Form of carbon

Two types :  SWCNT  MWCNT

(a) SWCNT College of Engineering Kidangoor

(b) MWCNT Dept. of CE

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3.Titanium Di-Oxide (TiO2) :-

 Can oxidize oxygen or organic materials  Added to paints, cements, windows, tiles etc.  Exposed to UV light - hydrophilic & photo catalytic reaction

4.Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles (SiO2) :-

 Increase the compressive strength of concretes  Decreases the setting time of mortar  Reduces bleeding water and segregation

Nano- SiO2 particles

5.Polycarboxylates:Polymer based concrete ixture-HRWR Low dosage-Reduce water High dosage-SCC College of Engineering Kidangoor

Polycarboxylates:Dept. of CE

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Application of Nanotechnology Nanotechnology is widely used in construction material as:

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Nanotechnology and Steel Need of nanotechnology in steel: Fatigue lead to structural failure of steel subject to cyclic loading  Stress risers are responsible for initiating cracks  Copper nanoparticles reduces the surface unevenness of steel  Limits the number of stress risers

Temperature restriction: 750 F-starts to loose its structural integrity  1000 F- loses 50 % of its strength  carbon nano particles - Maintain structural integrity up to 1000 F  Infused steel - ultra high strength, corrosion resistance and good surface finish College of Engineering Kidangoor

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Nanotechnology and Steel Bolted connection: Vanadium & Molybdenum nanoparticles delays problems associated with high strength bolts  improve the steel’s micro- structure

Welding connection: Increase in weld toughness by Mg & Ca nano particle  By HAZ grains finer in plate steel

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Nanotechnology and Steel High strength steel cables: High rise structures - high strength ts & high strength bolts.  A stronger cable material reduce - costs and period of construction.  Refinement of cementite phase of steel to a nano size has produced stronger cables

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Nanotechnology and Steel There are two international product:1. Sandvik Nanoflex  high Young’s Modulus  high strength Nanostructure modified steel reinforcement

 resistant to corrosion 2. MMFX2 steel mechanical property + corrosion resistant  Alternative to conventional stainless steel  lower cost. College of Engineering Kidangoor

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Nanotechnology in Glass conventional self-cleaning nanoparticle glass  Self cleaning of glass titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) is used asglass  Coat glazing by sterilizing and anti-fouling properties.  Fire-protective glass-by placing fumed silica (SiO2 ) nanoparticles between glass s

Self cleaning of glass College of Engineering Kidangoor

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Nanotechnology in Coatings & Painting  Applied to paints -insulating properties  Self healing (self assembly)  TiO2-disintegrate organic dirt by powerful catalytic reaction  Glass-Hydrophobic & Oleophobic at same time  Used: Anti-griffiti surface, carpets, protective clothing …

Stratigraphy of Deltum anti-graffiti paint

Image of nanocrystalline coating film on glass coated with 10 nm Au nanoparticles

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Nanotechnology in Structural Monitoring Nano- and micro electrical mechanical systems (MEMS) sensors  Nanosensor ranges from 10-9 to 10-5 m.  Sensors could be embedded into the structure during the construction process  monitor internal stresses, cracks and other physical forces in the structures during the structures life

Manufactured MEMS chip College of Engineering Kidangoor

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Nanotechnology and monitoring Monitoring in road  Road sensor networks provide data to transportation operators to manage congestion  Increased use of recycled materials in pavements  Improve the workability and durability of recycled materials  Help to Reduce costs Monitoring in bridges  Prediction of service life and life cycle performance of the bridges.  Long-term monitoring of corrosion  Invaluable tool in monitoring deterioration and cracking in concrete  Monitor vibrations and loads on bridges  Assess weaknesses and fix them long before they are apparent to human inspectors. College of Engineering Kidangoor

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Nanotechnology In Waterproofing Building Materials Produce eco-friendly organ-silicon products to waterproof Life cycles beyond 20 to 30 years at very economical cost Building materials-water seepage, water leakages due to porosity and micro cracks Waterproofing is a treatment, which is expected to make the material impervious to water.

Keggin and Preyssler hetropolyacids used in synthesis of nano organo-silicon material(60-70nm ) for water proofing building material College of Engineering Kidangoor Dept. of CE 18

Nanotechnology In Waterproofing Building Materials Essential requirements waterproofing materials are:  Resistance to water  Prevention of water soluble salts  Penetration of waterproofing treatment  Non-staining of treated surface areas  Long-term stability in an alkaline environment  Low environmental and health risk  UV stability (20+ years) College of Engineering Kidangoor

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Nanotechnology In Waterproofing Building Materials There are two classes of waterproofing products: a) Film Formers:  Acrylic paint, silicon polymers are commonly used for waterproofing  Size more than100nm - penetrate building materials to form a film covering and preventing the surface from water absorption.  Polymer films - hydrophobic, defect-free, UV resistant & continues.  Life 2-5 years b)Penetrants:  Soluble monomeric material  Size 6nm  Two types of Penetrants i.e. non reactive and reactive. College of Engineering Kidangoor

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Barriers….  Legal, political and ethical issues  Competition with established micro scale technologies  License of proof-of-concept Nano tools, and delivery system  Safety and toxicity.  Implementation cost of plant & Cost of Commercialization  Effect on environment  Safety Concerns  Security Concerns  Corporations’ investment in current equipment  Lack of properly trained personnel and cost of training  Lack of capital by Nanotechnology companies

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Real Life Examples…  Building made by using self-cleaning concrete (Church ‘‘Dives in Misericordia”, Rome, Italy):-

TiO2 coating on roads for pollution reduction:College of Engineering Kidangoor

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Real Life Examples… Nano house , Australia:- University of Technology ,Sydney(UTS) have developed a model house that shows how new materials, products and processes that are emerging from nanotechnology research and development might be applied to our living environment.

Daylight without glair ,Nanotechnology based thermal insulation coatings (TICs) which were created for building walls, ceilings, and roofs, have been utilized -:City Library, Moscow

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Real Life Examples… Use of self cleaning concret ,The Music and Arts City Hall in Chambéry, :-

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CONCLUSION  Nanotechnology has helped to improve the quality of and solved many issue with building materials such as concrete, steel, glass etc .  The use of coatings made from nanotechnology helps get better fire-resistance, corrosion protection, insulation, and innumerable other applications.  By nano based structural monitoring construction and transportation fields are improved and provide a great scope.  But it faces many barriers and has demerits on social and economy. Thus application of nanotechnology can be viewed around us.

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REFERENCES [1] Ge Z., Gao Z., Applications of Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials in Construction. First Internat. Conf. on Constr. In Develop. Countries (ICCIDC–I): “Advancing and Integrating Construction Education, Research & Practice”, Karachi, Pakistan, August 2008, 235-240. [2] Kaizar Hossain & Shaik Rameeja, European Journal of Sustainable Development (2015), "Importance of Nanotechnology in Civil Engineering". [3] Lee J., Mahendra S., Alvarez P., Nanomaterials in the Construction Industry: A Review of their Applications and Environmental Health and Safety Considerations. [4] "list of nanotechnology applications." Wikipedia. Wikimedia foundation, 30 sept. 2012. web. 09 oct. 2012. . ACS Nano, 4, 7, 3580-3590 (2010). [5] Mann S., Nanotechnology and Construction. European Nanotechnology Gateway Nanoforum Report, Institute of Nanotechnology, November 2006, 2-10. [6] "Nano concrete ppt3" Slideshare web 03 june 2016 [7] "Notechnology in civil engineering.ppt(shyam shubham)." , Slideshare, web. 03 june. 2016, College of Engineering Kidangoor

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[8] "Nanotechnology and waterproofing ", nanowreek, web., 29 july 2016, [9] Nazari A., Shadi R., Sharin R., Shamekhi S.F., Khademno A., Al2O3 Nanoparticles in Concrete. J. of Amer. Sci., 6, 4, 94-97 (2010). [10] Syed Sabihuddin, Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application., "Application of Nanotechnology in Civil Infrastructure"., Vol. 4, Issue 3( Version 1), March 2014, pp.92 -95 [11] Saurav , International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications., "Application Of Nan otechnology In Building Materials", Vol. 2, Issue5, September- October 2012, pp.1077-10 82. [13] Sanchez, F., and K. Sobolev. Nanotechnology in Concrete: A Review. Construction And Building Materials, Vol. 24, No. 11, 2010, pp. 2060–2071 [14] V Kartik Ganesh, Department of Civil Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur "Signifiance of nano technology", [15] Vero Pents, "Nanotechnology in Road Construction", January 10, 2012 [16] Web., INI World Wide, "Day lighting without the glaring issues" College of Engineering Kidangoor Dept. of CE 27

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