Peru 6k2264

República del Perú

Report

PERU

University Bible Fellowship – Washington Chapter 10th Anniversary Celebration November 8, 2002 Presented by Belssi Chang

Content       

Geographic Setting Regions Population Ethnic Groups History and Government Universities Missionary Work

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Geographic Setting  Borders Chile, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and the Pacific Ocean.  Total land area of 1.28 million sq. km. (3.5x size of Japan, slightly smaller than Alaska).

 Third-largest country in South America after Brazil and Argentina.  Ranks among the world's 20 largest nations.

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Geographic Setting

Continued

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 Terrain: western coastal plain, high and rugged Andes in center, eastern lowland jungle of Amazon Basin.  Landscape: 50 mountains > 6,000 meters above sea level; 1,679 glaciers; 12,000 lakes of varying sizes and depths; and 262 different river basins.  Among the 5 countries with the greatest biological diversity in the world.

Regions  Peru is made up of 24 departments and one Constitutional Province called El Callao.  Main cities:  Coast: Arequipa, Callao, Trujillo, Chimbote, Chiclayo and Piura

 Andes: Cusco  Amazon: Iquitos

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Population  Current total Peruvian population is about 27 million:     

52% 36% 12% 71% 29%

lives lives lives lives lives

in in in in in

the coast, the highlands, and the jungle. urban areas and rural areas .

 50% (approx.) is under 21.  90% is Roman Catholic.  Around 6 million live in the capital, Lima.

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Ethnic Groups  Ethnic Groups:  45% Amerindian: Quechuas and Aymaras  37% mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white),  15% criollo (white),  3% Black, Japanese, Chinese, and other

 Languages:  Spanish (official)  Quechua (official)  Aymara

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History and Government

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 Ancient Peru seat of several prominent Andean civilizations, most notably the Incas  Inca empire captured by Spanish conquerors in 1533.  Peruvian independence declared in 1821.  20th century dominated by military rule, serious economic problems, and guerrilla activity.  Dramatic turnaround and significant progress following  Return of democracy returned in 1980 and especially following  President Alberto FUJIMORI's election in 1990  New Constitution issued under his leadership in 1993; left power in 2000)

 Government has 3 branches: executive (5-year term), legislative, and judicial branches.  Current President: Alejandro Toledo (elected in 2001)

Universities

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 Total of 78 Universities: ~416,000 students  33 Public Universities: ~246,000 students  45 Private Universities: ~170,000 students  53% Male, 47% Female  1.62% of total population  7.92% of 15-24 year old population  Major with highest enrollment: Education  Largest Universities (both located in Lima):  Universidad San Martin de Porres (private): ~32,000  Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos: ~25,000

Universities

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Continued

 Universidad San Martin de Porres:  Largest Peruvian university  ~32,000 students  Founded in 1962  Ranked among top 3 private universities

www.usmp.edu.pe

Universities

Continued

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 Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos:  ~25,000 students  Founded in 1551 by Dominican Mission.  First university in American continent.

 School of medicine, law, and letters and sciences have functioned uninterruptedly since its founding.

www.unmsm.edu.pe

Missionary Work Periods:  1532-1822 (Roman Catholic Missions)

 1822-1900 (Beginning of Protestant Missions)  1900-1940s (Protestant Missions Added)  1950s-Present (Growth Trends and Outlook)

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Mission Work: 1532-1822

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 Roman Catholic Missions  Catholicism was brought by Spanish conquerors starting around 1532.  Evangelization conducted through Franciscan, Mercedarian, and Dominican dioceses.

 The 17th century - "Peru’s religious century"  Canonization of two saints.  However 17th Century followed by religious decline.

Mission Work: 1822-1900

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 Beginning of Protestant Missions  1822-24: Scottish educator/Bible society agent James Thomson arrived in Lima  Carried mission work tly with pro-reform Catholic clergy

 1845: Catholicism becomes official state religion  Foreigners allowed to conduct Protestant services provided that no Peruvians attended

 1849: Anglican Church for foreign residents allowed  First Non-Catholic denomination in Peru.

Mission Work: 1822-1900 Continued  Beginning of Protestant Missions

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Continued

 1877: Arrival of first US Methodists (little success)  1888: Arrival of Francisco Penzotti, Methodist Minister  1888-1896: sold Bibles, preached, trained leaders  1889: organized a Methodist Church  1890-1891: jailed for 9 months due to Catholic reaction  international scandal and resulting in religious tolerance law in 1915

 1898: Seventh Day Adventists started mission work    

Gained converts especially among Aymara Indians Founded and operate respected university. Remain second largest Protestant church in Peru. Currently largest non-Pentecostal denomination.

Mission Work: 1900-1940s  Protestant Missions Added    

1903: Wesleyans 1914: Nazarenes 1927: Baptists (first of several Baptist Missions) 1900-1930: John Ritchie (RBMU) developed successfully an indigenous Peruvian Evangelical Church in Andes.

 1930s-1940s: John A. Mackay (Free Church of Scotland) evangelized university students in Lima

 1940: Most Protestant churches and missions form National

Evangelical Council  As of 1998 still most representative Protestant Institution.

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Mission Work: 1950s-Present

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 Growth Trends and Outlook  Wycliffe Bible Translators made Bible available in >30 tribal languages in Amazonian jungle.

 Faith Missions and Southern Baptists little growth.  Pentecostal churches largest growth (esp. among poor).  Evangelical Alliance Mission Radio station influential in opening doors for significant growth in 1970s.

Mission Work: 1950s-Present Continued

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 Growth Trends and Outlook Continued  1970-1990 violent political climate between military and Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) guerrillas affected isolated areas where missionary efforts had been successful.  1990s – wave of Pentencostal renewal spread  Recently – significant evangelical growth among native Quechuas and Aymaras  Many converts become active as lay missionaries, in North Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and the United States.

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Dios tiene esperanza para el Perú!

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God has hope for Peru!

References

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http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/pe.html http://www.peru.com/peruinfo/ http://www.latin-focus.com/countries/peru/peru.htm http://ppn.home.cern.ch/ppn/up.htm http://www.anr.edu.pe/ http://www.unmsm.edu.pe http://www.usmp.edu.pe D.B. Barret, et al. World Christian Encyclopedia: The World by Countries, Religions, Churches, Ministries. Volume 1, Second Edition. Oxford University Press, 2001.  A. S. Moreau, et al. Evangelical Dictionary of World Missions. Baker Book House Company, 2000.  J. A. Siewert, et al. Mission Handbook: USA/Canada Christian Ministries Overseas. Marc Publishers, 1993-1995.        