Introduction To Phonemic Symbols 3i3ak

Introduction to phonemic symbols

English alphabet • consists of 26 letters • around 44 sounds – 20 vowels and 24 consonants. • A vowel sound is a sound produced without blocking the air flow from the mouth with our teeth, tongue or lips. • A consonant sound is a sound produced by blocking the air flow from the mouth with the teeth, tongue or lips.

IPA • International Phonetic Alphabet is the most widely used set of symbols for showing the sounds of a language. • A phonemic symbol is a letter which represents a sound.

Vowel sounds

Consonant sounds

Match the words with their pronunciation

Let´s try to read this! • • • • • • • • •

then though that thought think thoroughly throughout throat tough

Digraph • a combination of two letters or characters used to represent a single speech sound such as ch, sh, th, wh, qu, etc. • E.g. “sh” in “shoe” • Diphtong – two vowel sounds pronounced as one syllable

Syllable • Is a word or part of a word that has one vowel sound. It may also have one or more consonant sounds. e.g. Mother, mum

Word stress • Is the pattern of strong and weak syllables in a word. • Party - ['pa:ti]

Sentence stress • Is the pattern of strong and weak syllables in a sentence. • E.g. How do you do? OooO

Vowels

• How many vowel letters do you know? R: There are 5 vowel letters. • How many vowel sounds do you know? R: approximately twenty.

• /i:/ is a long sound and it is usually spelled as “ee” or “ea”. See, agree, seat, eat, team NB: 8 letters of the alphabet have the sound /i:/ BCDEGPTV • /ɪ/ is a short sound and it is usually spelled “i” If, listen, miss, dinner, swim

Circle all the /i:/ sound and underline all the /ɪ/ sounds : big, busy, dinner, give, green, in, listen, meet, office, people, pizza, please, repeat, six, tea, three, lead, lid, wheat, wit, been, bin, cheek, chick, feel, fill, reach, rich

• /u:/ is a long sound and it is spelled as “oo”, “oe”, “ou”, “u”, “ue”, “ew” group, shoe, blue • When the spelling is “u” or “ew” there is a “/j/ sound before the /u:/ Music, new • But: two, fruit, juice /ju:/ is the name of the letter U in the alphabet.

• /ʊ/ is a short sound and it is usually spelled as “u”, “oo”, “ou”: full, sugar, book, foot, would

• Circle the words with the sound /u:/: Food, four, June, look, news, room, school, soup, spoon, sugar, town, Tuesday, two

• Circle the words with the sound /ʊ/: Book, cookery, cough, could, good, looking, lunch, soon, sugar, thought, through

• /a:/ is a long sound and it is usually spelled as “a” and “ar”: After, afternoon, ask, bath, bathroom, can´t , class, dance, fast, father, glass, tomato, bar, car, card, far, park, star, start • But: aunt, laugh, heart, half, • In words with the letter “r” after /a:/, most Americans and some British people pronounce the “r”

• The sound /ʌ/ is a short sound and it is usually spelled “u” but also, “ou”, “o”.

E.g. bus, colour, come, cup, front, London, luck, Monday, month, mother, much, nothing, number, run, study, sun, uncle, under Try to read : son and sun!

Write the words under the right sound • the sound /ʌ/

the sound /a:/

Luck, cud, barks, lark, card, dark, duck, last, lust, carp, cup, bucks

• /ɒ/ is a short vowel and usually spelled “o” and sometimes “a”. Bottle, box, holiday, chocolate, clock, coffee, copy, cost, cross, doctor, dog, gone, got, holiday, hospital, hot, job, lock, long, lost, lot, not, off, often, possible, shop, song, sorry, stop, top, wrong, quality, want, wash, watch, what • NB: the word “was” is sometimes pronounced with /ɒ/

• ɔː is a long sound and has different spellings: “a” all, ball, call, fall, tall “al” talk, walk, “au” autumn, “aw” saw “augh” caught, daughter, taught “ough” bought, thought “ar” quarter, warm “or” born, short, sort “oor” door, floor “ore” before, more “our” four

• /e/ is a short sound and usually spelled as e check, leg, letter, red, sentence ea bread, head, read ie friend a any, many ai again, said

• /æ/ is a short sound and usually spelled “a” Back, camera, hat, jam, map, plan, traffic

• /ɜː/ is a long sound and spelled “ir”, “or”, “ur”, “our”, “ear”, “er”. “Ir” bird, first, birthday, circle, thirty “Or” word, work, world, worse, worst “Ur” turn, Thursday “Our” journey “Ear” early, earth, heard, learn “Er” service, , prefer

Put the words into the correct groups

• /iə/ is a long sound and is spelled in different ways. “ea” real “ear” ear beard clear hear year “eer” beer cheers “ere” here we´re

• /eə/ is a long sound and is spelled in different ways: “are” care, square “air” air, chair, fari, hari “ear” wear “ere” where “aer” aeroplane

• / eɪ /is a long sound and is spelled in different ways. “a” age, came, plane, table “ai” rain, wait “ ay” day, play, say “ey” grey “Ea” break, great “Eigh” eight, weight

• /aɪ/ is a long sound and id spelled in different ways “i” like, time, white “ie” die “y” dry, July, why “igh” high, night, right “uy” buy

• /ɔɪ/ is a long sound and usually spelled as “oi” coin, point, voice “oy” boy, enjoy, toy

• /əʊ/is a long sound and usually spelled as: “o” no, cold, post, close, drove, home, phone “ow” know, low, show, slow “oa” boat “oe” toe

• /aʊ/is a long sound and usually spelled as “ow” how now vowel “ou” loud, mouth sound

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