Indian Land Revenue Terminology 1s4y61

Land Revenue Terminology (Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan)

Land Revenue Terminology

INTRODUCTION  Revenue is a very crucial subject attached to everybody’s life in direct or indirect way.  It is general perception that reading and understanding the land revenue documents is very tedious and complex task.  However in actual it is very simple, but one has to clear some basic facts and terminology of land revenue.  Before understanding the land revenue, first acquaint with unit of measurement

Land Revenue Terminology

UNIT OF MEASUREMENTS In north India generally there are three types of unit of measurement of land. These are 1. kannal marla system 2. Bigha Biswa system 3. Meter system The third one is most common now and in new measurements and documentation it is used, the conversion of above two with 3rd one is as under: Land Revenue Terminology

kannal marla System 1 Hectare = 10000 m2 = 2.47 Acres 1 Acre = 4046.86 m2 = 8 kannal 1 kannal = 500 m2 = 20 Marlas 1 Marla = 25 m2

Bigha Biswa system 1 Hectare = 10000 m2 = 2.47 Acres 1 Acre = 4046.86 m2 = 1.75 ~1.76 Bigha (Pukhta/Bada bigha) 1 Acre = 4046.86 m2 = 5.26 Bigha (Kachha/Chota bigha) 1 Bigha = 2305 m2 (pakka) or 768.33 m2 (kaccha) * But in Haryana 1 bigha = 843.30 m2 1 Biswa = 115.25 m2 or 137.80 sq. yrd. 1 biswansi = 5.76 m2 or 6.89 sq. yrd. 1 kachwansi = 0.288 m2 1 decimal = 40.48 m2 Land Revenue Terminology

Revenue Terminology  In revenue documents there are mainly three types of records i.e. Jamabandi, Girdwari, Map (sajra or latha).  In some area fard haquit is also issued. This is the consolidated document of total land holding of individual and present market rate is mentioned.  These documents reflect the total land ownership, its type, source of irrigation, the cultivation pattern, crop growing of land etc, girdwari is made in every crop season i.e. after 6 months however jamabandi is made after 4-5 years.  Map represents the actual position of land with important land marks. Land Revenue Terminology

Jamabandi A jamabandi is a term used in meaning "rights of records" and refers to land records. These records are documents which are maintained for each village within its Tehsil. It contains the name of the owners, area of cultivation/ land, shares of owners and other Rights. It is revised after a certain period of time for e.g. in Haryana, Rajasthan it is revised after 5 years. After it is prepared by Patwari. it is attested by Revenue Officer of that division. All changes in title/interests of the revenue estate coming into the notice of Revenue Authorities are duly reflected in the Jamabandi according to set procedures. Land Revenue Terminology

Jamabandi format Khevat Khatauni No.

Name of Mutatio Tenant with n related father’s name Source Rent Social note caste and Khasra of paid by Area Classificati alongwit Remarks Residential Number Irrigatio Cultivato on h date New Old address with n r and nature of Number tenure 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Land Revenue Terminology

Shajra Map A shajra or shajra kishtwar is a detailed village map that is used for legal (land ownership) and istrative purposes in India. A shajra maps out the village lands into land parcels and gives each parcel a unique number. The patwari (or village ant) maintains a record for each one of these parcels in documents called khasras. Land Revenue Terminology

Khasra A khasra is a legal agricultural document used in India that specifies land and crop details. It is often used in conjunction with a shajra (or shajra kishtwar), which is a reference map of the village that isters the land described by the khasra. Khasras traditionally detail "all the fields and their areas, measurement, who owns and what cultivators he employs, what crops, what sort of soil, what trees are on the land.” A khatauni is an abstract based on the khasras of a village that lists out all the holdings of an individual or family in that village. In other words, all khasras that belong to a given individual will be listed in the khatauni of that individual. Land Revenue Terminology

Revenue Terminology

Cont.…..

Khewat number : The number of owner of the land Khatoni Number : The number of possetioner/ cultivator of land Kita number : The Number mentioning the khasra number in jamabandi Mutation/rapat : Any entry regarding sale purchase or transfer of land Vassiat : transfer of land through will Hiba : transfer of land through gift Billa : Devoid of/without Hadbast number : Number of revenue village boundary Mushqueel/ Murrabha/ rectangle : comprise of 25 Acres/bighas Lal Dora : The boundary of inhabited village, within which ownership of land is generally through possession only.

Land Revenue Terminology

Type of land 1. Chahi : Irrigated through wells/tubewells 2. Nahri : Irrigated through Canals 3. Barani : Rainfed 4. Gair mumkin : Non cultivable 5. Abadi : Inhabited 6. Banjar : Not cultivated from four cropping seasons

Type of Possession 1. Khud Kast : Self cultivated 2. Gair Marusi : Unauthorised possessioner (Kache mujahire) 3. Gair Dakhildar : Unauthorised permanent possessioner (pakkee mujahire) 4. Rehan : mortgage with possession 5. Aadrehan : mortgage without possession Land Revenue Terminology

Haryana c

Land Revenue Terminology

The following are the basic unit of 'measurements of land’ used in Haryana:     

one 'karam' is 5.5 ft one 'marla' is 9 square karams (272.25 sq ft)(30.25 gaj) one 'kannal' is 20 marlas (5,445 sq ft) one 'killa' is of 8 kannals (43,560 sq ft = 1 acre) one 'marabba' is 25 killas (1,089,000 sq ft = 25 acres)

 A killa or Acre is measured rectangularly, reckoned as an area 36 karams (198 ft) x 40 karams (220 ft) (43,560 square ft).  Homes (Kothis) are measured in marlas and kannals. Most are two to four kannals but the big ones can be anything from four to six kannals. Land Revenue Terminology

A couple of older measures: one biswa = 15 Sq karams; 12 biswas = 1 kannal (605 yrd) one bigha = 20 biswas - 1008 square yards - 842.68 sq m

 In all areas consolidated on the basis of the standard measure of 66 inches i.e. Karam or Gatha: 1. 1 Sq. Karam or Sarsahi 3.3611111 Sq.yds. 2. 9 Sarsahies or 1 Marla 30.249999 Sq.yds say 30.25 Sq.yds. 3. 20 Marlas or 1 Kannal 604.99996 Sq.yds say 605 Sq.yds. 4. 160 Marlas or 8 Kannals 4839.99998 Sq.yds.say 4840 Sq.yds. (1 acre or 1 killa) Land Revenue Terminology

Before Bandobust(Settlement) 1 Karam = 57.157” (Haryana) 1 Biswansi = 1 Karam x 1 Karam (Haryana) 20 Biswansi = 1 Biswa (Haryana) 1 Bigha = 20 Biswa (Haryana) 4 Bigha-16 Biswa = 1 Acre (Haryana) 2.47 acre = 1 hectare(CG)

After Bandobust(Settlement) 1 Karam = 66” (Haryana) 1 Sarsaai = 1 Karam x 1 Karam (Haryana) 9 Sarsaai = 1 Marla (Haryana) 20 Marla = 1 Kannal (Haryana) 8 Kannal = 1 Acre (Ghuman) (Haryana) 1 Acre = 36 Karam x 40 Karam (North to South, East to West) (Haryana) 2.47 Acre = 1 Hectare (CG) Land Revenue Terminology

Uttar Pradesh

Land Revenue Terminology

INTRODUCTION  The bigha is a unit of measurement of area of a land, commonly used in a few states of India including Uttar Pradesh. The precise size of a bigha appears to vary considerably, that range from 1,500 to 6,771 square meters, but in several smaller pockets, it is as high as 12,400 square meters.  Bigha is a traditional unit of land, with land purchases still being undertaken in this unit. However, it varies in size from one part to another. It is usually less than an acre (0.15 hectare), however could extend up to 3 acres. Various states and often parts within states have different sizes attributed to 1 Bigha. Land Revenue Terminology

The following are the basic unit of 'measurements of land’ used in Uttar Pradesh: 

In developed part of Uttar Pradesh that is west, there are two ranges of 1 Bigha.  One is equal to 5 biswa (one biswa is 125 m2)  In other it is equal to 6.75 biswa = 843.75 m2 (Kaccha bigha)  In rest UP 1 Bigha is divided into 20 Biswas.  Hence one Bigha is 2500 m2 But actually it is 2529.26 m2 (Pakka bigha) 

Some part of west Uttar Pradesh the measurements are slightly different:  1 Bigha = 20 Biswa = 60 Decimal = 2428.80 m2  1 Bigha = 2305 m2 (Pakka) or 768.33 m2 (Kaccha) Land Revenue Terminology

Rajasthan

Land Revenue Terminology

The following are the basic unit of 'measurements of land’ used in Rajasthan:  Bigha is used in practice in Rajasthan.  One bigah is equal to 1618.70 m2 .  Shahjahani Jarib = 165 feet  1 Bigha = 1 Jarib x 1 Jarib = 165’ x 165’ = 27225 Sq. Ft.  1 Bigha(Shahjahani Jarib) = 0.253 Hectare  Gantari Jarib = 132 feet  1 Bigha = 1 Jarib x 1 Jarib = 132’ x 132’ = 17424 Sq. Ft.  1 Bigha(Gantari Jarib) = 0.16 Hectare 1 Bigha = 20 Biswansi Land Revenue Terminology

Punjab

Land Revenue Terminology

The following are the basic unit of 'measurements of land’ used in Punjab: There are two ways of area measures as per the department of revenue  Ghumao Measure  1 Sarsahi = 2.81Sq. Mt. (5.5’ Sq. Karam)  1 Marla = 9 Sarsahi  1 kannal = 20 Marla  1 Ghumao = 8 kannal * So 1 Ghumao = 4046.86 Sq.Mt. = 1 acre Land Revenue Terminology

 Bigha Measure  1 Biswansi = 6.32 Sq. Mt. (99” Sq. Gatha)  1 Biswa = 20 Biswansis  1 Bigha = 20 Biswa * So 1 Bigha = 2529.29 Sq. Mt.

Land Revenue Terminology

Madhya Pradesh

Land Revenue Terminology

The following are the basic unit of 'measurements of land’ used in Madhya Pradesh:  1 Katha = 0.0137741 acre = 55.74 Sq. Mt. = 600 Sq. Ft.  1 Bigha = 0.275473 Acre = 1114.80 Sq. Mt.  1 Acre = 3.63 Bigha  1 Acre = 72.6 Katha

Land Revenue Terminology

Conversion Factors

Land Revenue Terminology

Conversion Factors (Haryana) Unit Area

Acre

Sq. Mt.

Sq. Yrd.

Sq. Ft.

Sq. Karam

0.000694

2.81

3.36

30.25

Marla

0.00625

25.29

30.25

272.25

kanaal

0.125

505.85

605

5445

killa

1.000001

4046.82

4840

43560

marabba

25.00002 101170.6

121000

1089000

Sarsahi

0.000694

2.81

3.36

30.25

Biswansi

0.000694

2.81

3.36

30.25

Biswa

0.010417

42.15

50.42

453.75

Bigha

0.208333

843.09

1008.33

9075

Land Revenue Terminology

Conversion Factors (Uttar Pradesh)

Unit Area

Acre

Sq. Mt.

Sq. Yrd.

Sq. Ft.

Pakka Bigha

0.625

2529.26

3025

27225

Kaccha Bigha

0.208333

843.09

1008.33

9075

Decimal

0.010003

40.49

48.42

435.75

Conversion Factors (Rajasthan) Unit Area

Acre

Sq. Mt.

Sq. Yrd.

Sq. Ft.

Bigha (S.J.)

0.625

2529.26

3025

27225

Bigha (G.J.)

0.4

1618.73

1936

17424

Land Revenue Terminology

Conversion Factors (Punjab) Unit Area

Acre

Sq. Mt.

Sq. Yrd.

Sq. Ft.

Sq. Gatha

0.001561

6.32

7.56

68

Biswa

0.03125

126.46

151.25

1361.25

Bigha

0.625

2529.26

3025

27225

1

4046.82

4840

43560

Ghumao

Conversion Factors (Madhya Pradesh)

Unit Area

Acre

Sq. Mt.

Sq. Yrd.

Sq. Ft.

Katha

0.013774

55.74

66.67

600

Bigha

0.275482

1114.83

1333.33

12000

Land Revenue Terminology

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Land Revenue Terminology