Factories And Machinery Act 1967 (fma 1967) - Regulations. Factories And Machinery Act 1967 (fma 1967) - Regulations. State The Objectives Of Health Regulations Under Fma 1967. To List 5 Strategies Of Health Regulations Under Fma 1967. To Explain 4 Health Regulations Under Fma 1967 711n3y

HEALTH REGULATIONS UNDER THE FACTORIES AND MACHINERY ACT 1967

1

OBJECTIVES 1.

2.

3.

State the objectives of Health Regulations under FMA 1967 List 5 strategies of Health Regulations under FMA 1967 Explain 4 Health Regulations under FMA 1967

2

SCOPE 

Objectives



Strategies



Health Regulations  



Important Aspects Main Provisions

Conclusion 3

HEALTH REGULATIONS UNDER FMA 1967 OBJECTIVES 



Prevent the occurrence of diseases due to excessive use and exposure to lead, asbestos, mineral dust and noise Formulation of minimum standards to protect workers exposure 4

HEALTH REGULATIONS STRATEGIES PROTECTION OF WORKERS BY: 1. Determining exposure limits 2. Identifying and assessing level of exposure 3. Reducing exposure using:   

Engineering controls istrative procedures Personal protective equipments 5

HEALTH REGULATIONS STRATEGIES PROTECTION OF WORKERS BY: 4. Early detection of disease through health surveillance 5. Creating awareness among workers through training and information 6

HEALTH REGULATIONS UNDER FMA 1967 







Factories and Machinery (Lead) Regulations 1984 Factories and Machinery (Asbestos Process) Regulations 1986 Factories and Machinery (Mineral Dust) Regulations 1989 Factories and Machinery (Noise Exposure) Regulations 1989 7

HEALTH REGULATIONS UNDER FMA 1967 IMPORTANT ASPECTS  





Competent persons Maintenance, inspection and testing of control equipments Approvals for monitoring and testing equipments Approvals for Personal Protective Equipment 8

FMA 1967 PROVISIONS

LD

AP

MD

N

Preliminary

√

√

√

√

Permissible Exposure Limits

√

√

√

√

Exposure Monitoring

√

√

√

√

Compliance Methods

√

√

√

√

Respiratory Protection

√

Personal Protective Equipments

√

Good Housekeeping

√

√

√

Hygienic Practices and Facilities

√

Medical Surveillance

√

H&D/ CR/L √

CR/L /S √

AuD

Transfer of Medical Protection

√

Training and Information to Workers

√

√

√

√

Warning Signages

√

√

√

√

Miscellaneous

P

P/NS

P/SC

P/SC

Hrg

LD-Lead; AP-Asbestos Process; MD-Mineral Dust; N-Noise; Hrg-Hearing; H&D-Handling & Disposal; CR-Changing Room; S-Shower; L-Locker; AuD-Audiometric Test; P-Penalty; SC-Schedule Change; NS-No Smoking

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HEALTH REGULATIONS UNDER OSHA 1994 Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Standards of Exposure of Chemicals Hazardous to Health) 2000 Among the provisions are: Permissible Exposure Limits Actions to control exposure – engineering controls, istrative controls, use of PPE Exposure monitoring Health surveillance Medical transfer protection Recordkeeping 

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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (ASBESTOS PROCESS) REGULATIONS 1986 APPLICATION All factories where there are asbestos processes except building operations and works of engineering construction

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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (ASBESTOS PROCESS) REGULATIONS 1986 ASBESTOS PROCESS: Manufacturing process which involves asbestos except processes where: 



The quantity of asbestos dust produced does not exceed the permissible exposure limit; or Cleaning of premise, equipment and factory facilities 12

FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (ASBESTOS PROCESS) REGULATIONS 1986 Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL)  PEL= 1 Fibre/ml air 8 hour average

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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (LEAD) REGULATIONS 1986 APPLICATION 



All factories processes where lead is used Does not apply on construction sites or works of engineering construction

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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (LEAD) REGULATIONS 1986 Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL)   

PEL = 150 microgramme/m3 8 hour average Action level = 75 µg/m³ 8 hour average If working hours is other than 8 hours, PEL ( g/m3) = 1200 total working hours per day

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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (MINERAL DUST) REGULATIONS 1989 APPLICATION All factories where there are processes using mineral dust

MINERAL DUST PROCESS Manufacturing process involving use of mineral dust 16

FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (MINERAL DUST) REGULATIONS 1989 PROHIBITION

Sand blasting process shall not be used in any factory unless with written approval from the Chief Inspector

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MINERAL DUST Barite Clay Coal Corundum Cristobalite Diatomite Emery Feldspar Garnet

Graphite Gypsum Kaolin Kyanite Limestone Magnesite Marble Mica Mineral wool

Perlite Portland Cement Potash Quartz Soapstone Talc (free of asbestos fibre) Tridymite

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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (MINERAL DUST) REGULATIONS 1989 PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMITS Dust that contain Silica <1% Silica: Worker exposure should not exceed the average concentration for a duration of 8 hours: 

5 mg/m3 air - respirable dust



10 mg/m3 air - total dust 19

FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (MINERAL DUST) REGULATIONS 1989 PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMITS Dust that contain Silica <1% Silica: Worker exposure should not exceed the average concentration for a duration of 8 hours: 

0.05 mg/m3 air - respirable cristobalite/ trydymite



0.10 mg/m3 are - respirable quartz 20

FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (MINERAL DUST) REGULATIONS 1989 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT 

If > Permissible Exposure Limits, provide:   



Clothing that covers the whole body Gloves, hats, shoes Face shield, goggle and other relevant PPE

The employer is responsible to provide facilities for the hygiene and disposal of clothing and equipment 21

FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (NOISE EXPOSURE) REGULATIONS 1989 BACKGROUND  





 

Studies were conducted in the years 1983-1990 302 factories; 45,974 workers Average 50% were at risk of hearing impairment 22% actually hearing impairment 70% were exposed at levels > 90dBA Median age: 28 years old 22

INDUSTRIES WITH NOISE EXPOSURE AND % WORKER RISK        

Textile factory (59.2%) Steel factory (54.9%) Chemical industry (52.9%) Drink manufacturing industry (52.1%) Factory producing mineral products (51.8%) Factory producing food products (49.4%) Factory producing steel products (48.9%) Palm oil mill (48.9%) 23

FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (NOISE EXPOSURE) REGULATIONS 1989 APPLICATION 

All factories where workers are exposed to excessive noise

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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (NOISE EXPOSURE) REGULATIONS 1989 PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMITS  

90 dBA for 8 hour exposure Limits are listed in the First Schedule  



 

Applicable Changing Rate - 5 dB Each additional 5 dB, half a dose

Does not exceed the maximum limit of 115 dBA at any time Does not exceed 140 dB impulsive noise at peak level Dose for action level is 0.5 25

FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (NOISE EXPOSURE) REGULATIONS 1989 EXPOSURE MONITORING Initial Monitoring 

Sampling of workers suspected of high exposure

Exposure Monitoring

Frequency (initial monitoring  action level)  Depends on the level of exposure  every 6 months  every 3 months, or  once only Monitoring is conducted by a Competent Person (Mineral Dust and Noise Exposure) 26

FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (NOISE EXPOSURE) REGULATIONS 1989 ADDITIONAL EXPOSURE MONITORING Required if there are any changes in: 

  

Production Processes Controls, or Workers

resulting in new or additional exposure

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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (NOISE EXPOSURE) REGULATIONS 1989 METHODS OF COMPLIANCE Reduce and control exposure below the PEL using: 

Engineering controls   

Ventilation, if installed, effectiveness has to be tested Testing is conducted by a Competent Person Water spray (Mineral dust)

istrative controls include safe work procedures Use of personal protective equipments if other controls fail to reduce exposure 

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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (NOISE EXPOSURE) REGULATIONS 1989 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT 

Hearing/Respiratory protection is used:  



simultaneously with other forms of control Where other controls fail to reduce exposure to below permissible levels

Provision of PPE    

Approved by Chief Inspector Suitable to worker Suitable to work requirements Does not effect worker health 29

HYGIENIC PRACTICES AND FACILITIES LEAD, ASBESTOS & MINERAL DUST EXPOSURE   

Clean floor from contaminants Cleaning should be using vacuum cleaner Use of compressed air is prohibited (Lead and Mineral Dust Regulations) 30

HYGIENIC PRACTICES AND FACILITIES LEAD, ASBESTOS & MINERAL DUST EXPOSURE Changing Rooms, Lockers and Showers     

Lockers for daily wear Separate lockers for protective clothing and respiratory equipments Changing rooms (asbestos process and lead only) Showers (asbestos process and lead only) Separate dining facilities from work areas (lead) 31

MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE LEAD EXPOSURE  

If exposed > 30 days per year Frequency of Blood Lead test, every:     

6 months 3 months if 40-60µg/100g blood 1 months if 60-80 µg/100g blood 1 months if in period of medical transfer 1 month for women who are able to conceive 32

MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE LEAD EXPOSURE Medical surveillance is conducted:  

 

Every 1 year if  40µg/100g blood Before being assigned to a work area where air concentration  action level There are signs of symptoms of poisoning Every worker in the medical transfer if required by a doctor 33

MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE ASBESTOS PROCESS 





Workers working in an area where there is asbestos exposure, whether continuous or intermittent In the period of 30 days from the first day of work Frequency 

Not exceeding 2 years 34

MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE MINERAL DUST EXPOSURE If exposed > action level  Frequency of testing: 



Every 2 years Exposed worker > action level Every year Workers experiencing early signs of pneumoconiosis 35

MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE NOISE EXPOSURE Audiometric Testing Programme  

If exposure > action level Frequency of testing:  Every year   

 

if worker exposure > Permissible exposure limit If basic audiometric tests show loss of hearing If annual test shows Standard Threshold Shift

Every 2 years Worker exposure is at action level < Permissible exposure limit 36

MEDICAL REMOVAL

LEAD EXPOSURE  Worker should be removed/transferred 

If blood lead tests show   



 80µg/100g blood average 3 latest tests  73µg/100g blood  40µg/100g blood for women who are able to conceive, or

Health of the worker may be affected based on results/medical opinion 37

MEDICAL REMOVAL ASBESTOS PROCESS 

Worker should be removed/ transferred if results or medical opinion shows any early indications of asbestos related diseases

38

TRAINING & INFORMATION 



Training programme at least once every two years for workers  action level Contents of training  

 

Rules and worker rights Operational circumstances that may cause high concentrations Purpose, selection, application and limitations of PPE Brief on the purpose of medical surveillance and monitoring programme including its implications on health 39

WARNING SIGNAGES Example

WARNING!! LEAD IN WORK AREA POISON NO EATING OR SMOKING 40

RECORDKEEPING 

Monitoring records 





As long as the worker is in service – asbestos, mineral dust, noise exposures 2 years – lead exposure

Medical surveillance records

As long as the worker is in service – lead, asbestos exposures  5 years – noise exposure  25 years – mineral dust Records are kept by employer/doctor 



Medical removal records 

As long as the worker is in service – lead 41

MISCELLANEOUS Penalties for Offences Upon conviction, fine not exceeding 



RM 1,000 (noise, mineral dust) RM2,000 (lead, asbestos) 42

CONCLUSION OBJECTIVES 



Prevent the occurrence of diseases due to use and excessive exposure to lead, asbestos, mineral dust and noise Formulate a minimum standards to protect workers from hazardous exposures while at work

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