English Manual l444f

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AC AC 5 /6 LI : AC OFF AC

On the Mode page you can see the measured values from the analoge inputs, high or low. This is useful if you want to measure the voltage of the DC supply. You can also select AC, DC or OFF output for the generators. To measure the voltage of the DC supply 1. Connect the cables externally. 2. Change the measurement from AC to DC. Page 6/6

Event No.1 BO1 BO2

BO3

Time to activate BO BO4

event No. 1, the

On the Transducer page you set the values to generate to the transducer.

time starts from 1st

Settings of Binary Out at time 0 ms

Note! If you want to activate a Binary Output channel two times the time difference must be at least 15 ms. Page 4/6

This is the Ramp page. You make a ramp from the setting values of page 1 to the setting values of page 2 with the speed we define here (the values are per second).

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Programma Electric AB ZP-CF02E R07A

FREJA 300 / FREJA Win

Testing transducers

Set Uref

Note! To get the best result when testing transducers, switch on Freja 30 minutes before starting the test. 1. Connect the transducer to the Anaput (LOW), see figure below. 2. Select “Test type” in the “Main menu”. 3. Select “General”. 4. Go to “Transd.” (page 6/6 on the display). 5. Select “ ” for voltage measurement or “ ” for current measurement. 6. Connect the cables to the transducer. 7. Set the values to be generated. 8. Press “Start”, button .

Uref will start to generate when you press “Start”, in any of the pages. All phase angles are button related to Uref. This means e.g. that if you set the system like this: If you set: L1U = 0°

L1U will be in phase with Uref

L2U = 240°

L2U will be 120° after Uref

L3U = 120°

L3U will be 120° before Uref

t

U-ref

L1U 360° (0)

L2U 240°

L3U 120°


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RX(I) Instrument

If you change all phases with 10°: L1U=10°


L2U=250°

L2U will be 110° after Uref

L3U=130°


RX with fixed I (current) instrument is used for testing distance relays. Page 1/3 1S T 1 /3

5 0.00 Hz 63.0 V Ke 0 1.00 1ST : K ϕ 00 .0 0 2ND : L I->NI Offdelay :

0.00 A 20 cc s 200 ccs 4 cc s

On the first page you set the prefault values and the number of cycles for the sequence. The number of cycles for 2ND is not so important, but it must be larger than the tripping time. Set the number of cycles to e.g. 200, this means 4 seconds (for 50 Hz). Testing a single phase fault with a certain fault impedance Zf means that the values for Utest and Itest given by Ohm´s law must be corrected with the Ke factor. Ke is the amplitude and Kϕ is the angle in the complex Ke factor.

t

U-ref

L1U 10°

L2U 250°

L3U

130°

Note! In Local Mode the normal settings is 0°, 240°, 120°. In Freja Win you can select 0°, 240°, 120° or 0°, 120°, 240° as phase rotation.

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Note! Some relays (e.g. RAZOA) have a ground factor (called Kn in RAZOA) which is not complex. In this case set Kϕ = 0 and Ke=Kn. Note! In some relays (e.g. REL511) there is no ground factor to set in the relay. You make the single phase settings in ohm/ loop. If you set Ke=0 and Kϕ = 0 you will have the single phase faults result in ohms/loop. Page 2/3 2N D 5 0. 00Hz I: <1.000> U: 45 .0 V * - - V OL T R: 45.000 Z: 45. 00 0 o o o -- -- --ms X: 0.000 Z ϕ : 0.0 2/3 S tart RST Run: S eq

1. Select fault type; 1-phase, 2-phase or 3phase by pressing button . 2. Set a fixed I e.g. 1.0 A. 3. Change |Z|, Zϕ, R or X and Freja 300 will calculate the amplitude and phase angle for each voltage and current generator.



4a.Set ”Run” to ”Seq”, use the dial, to inject the settings, as a sequence 1ST -> 2ND with the number of cycles you have set on page 1. 4b.Set ”Run” to ”2nd”, to inject the settings from 2nd (page 2/3) only. This means that you can change the values while generating, to search for the boundary. 5. If necessary change the direction of the current with LI->NI. 6. Press ”Start” button . RX (I) uses netmodel 3PZSTD2A (see chapter headed Distance instrument, Network model). Page 3/3 Mode 3/3

CURR HIGH AC 0.0A BO

RX(%Z) Instrument

This mode is used to test distance relays using the line data, including the source impedance Zs. A 3-phase system can be divided into positive, negative and zero sequences, designated 1, 2 and 0 respectively. You can set a positive sequence for the source (X1S and R1S) and the line (X1L and R1L). You can also set a zero sequence for the source (X0S and R0S) or the line (X0L and R0L). We assume that the positive sequence is equal to the negative sequence, i.e. Z1 = Z2 for both the source and line.

Phase to earth

On this page you can see the measured values from the analoge inputs, high or low. This can be used if you want to measure the voltage of the DC supply, then just change the measurement from AC to DC and connect the cables externally.

Z1S = R1S + jX1S Z1L = R1L + jX1L Z0S = R0S + jX0S Z0L = R0L + jX0L ZNS = 1/3(Z0S -Z1S) ZNL = 1/3(Z0L - Z1L) Zm = Zloop = Z1S + Z1L + RF + ZNL + ZNS

Phase to phase

V1N = source voltage/phase, (secondary value) Z1S = R1S + jX1S Z1L = R1L + jX1L Zm = 2(Z1S + Z1L + RF) R0s Zero-sequence resistance for the source Programma Electric AB ZP-CF02E R07A

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X0s Zero-sequence reactance for the source R1s Positive-sequence resistance for the source X1s Positive-sequence reactance for the source R0l

Zero-sequence resistance for the line

X0l

Zero-sequence reactance for the line

R1l X1l Us Rf I

Positive-sequence resistance for the line Positive-sequence reactance for the line Phase-Phase voltage for the source Fault resistance in ohms per phase Current in phases L1, L2 and L3 (The current is calculated from the source and line impedance).

In this menu you change the percentage of Z. 100% means to the end of the line. By trying 80% (for example) you may be able to find the boundary between zone 1 and zone 2.

Application example Testing distance and impedance protection relays in Local mode

1. Connect Freja 300 voltage and current outputs to the relay as shown in the figure above. You can use either the multiconnector or the separate outputs. 2. Connect the binary input No. 1 on Freja 300 to the trip output on the relay. 3. In Freja Local mode go to the RX(I) menu. 1S T 1 /3

5 0.00 Hz 63.0 V Ke 0 1.00 1ST : K ϕ 00 .0 0 2ND : L I->NI Offdelay :

0.00 A 20 cc s 200 ccs 4 cc s

4. On page 1/3 make the settings for: • frequency • prefault voltage • prefault current • duration of 1ST (prefault) state • duration of 2ND (faulty) state • off-delay time e.g. circuit breaker opening time in cycles (normally 2-5 ccs) 2N D 50.00 Hz I: <1. 000> U: 4 5.0 V * - - VOLT R: 45.0 00 Z: 45 .00 0 o o o ------ ms X: 0.0 00 Z ϕ : 0.0 2/3 Sta rt RST Run: Seq

5. Go to page 2/3 and make settings for: • frequency • binary input goals (*, o or –) • trip signal ( or voltage sense) • kind of fault to test

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• current direction L1ÆN or L1ÅN • current level (fixed for the test) • R- and X-values or Z and Zϕ 6. Press the Start button to run the sequence.

TIP! For modern quadrilateral characteristic you can test using 0 / 90 / 180 / 270 degrees. For relays with MHO-characteristic you can test using the line angel, normally 60 to 80 degrees. For time measurement and testing more than one zone you can do as follows. • Set impedance to the center of zone 1 and measure the time. • Set impedance between zone 1 and zone 2 (Z1+Z2)/2 and measure the time.

Freja 300 together with a current amplifier To run Freja 300 together with a current amplifier. 1. Select “System” in the Local Mode menu. 2. Press to select “External Amplifier, Connect”, in order to select which phase(s) to be used with the amplifier. On page 1 (I) you select type of amplifier to use for the current generators (to get 3 x I and 3 x U). If you want to control the amplifier from the voltage generators (to get 6 x I) you go to page 2 (U) instead. 3. Select type of amplifier. (CA1, CA1H, EX1NF, EX1, CA3, EX3NF, EX3, ROGOW)

External amplifier

Number Supplier of phases

CA1

1

Programma Electric

CA1H (High voltage)

1

Programma Electric

EX1NF (No measurement function)

1

Other

EX1

1

Other

CA3

3

Programma Electric

EX3NF (No measurement function)

3

Other

EX3

3

Other

ROGOW (Rogowski)

3 or 6

Programma Electric

4. Insert the amplitude and phase angle factor correction for “I” or “U” (you will find the values on the rear of the amplifier; CA1, CA1H, CA3). If you select “U” to control the amplifier you will obtain up to six currents (three from Freja 300 and three from the external amplifier).


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Field C urrent Amplifier - C A3 C alibration Test R eport

Freja 300

Freja RTS21D

Freja 300 & Freja RTS21D

Scale factor (I) Nom. 5.00 A/V

Scale factor (I) Nom. 125 A/A

Phase delay (I)

CA3 Serial No:

As L1U below

L1I:

As Φ1 below

AI3 - Input Box Serial No:

As L2U below

L2I:

As Φ2 below

Tested & Calibrated by:

As L3U below

L3I:

As Φ3 below

Institute:______________________________

Name: _______________________________

Date: ______________________________________ Cal. Freq:

Scale factor (U) Nom. 5.00 A/V

Scale factor (U) Nom. 1.25 A/V

"Max output ampl"

Unit Notes x

"Gain"

x/V

Amplification factor. The value is based on the amplifier's max amplitude divided by the drive voltage (from CA3 connector max 6 VRMS)

"Meas. factor"

V/x

Measuring factor on the CA3 connector (max value 7 VRMS) Note: Only valid for amplifiers EX1 and EX3. For EX1NF and EX3NF the factor is calculated to 1/gain by Freja 300.

"Max set"

x

Max amplitude. Calculated by Freja 300 and shown when generating. Note: The value is calculated from "Max output ampl", "Gain", "Meas factor".

"Max offset permitted"

%

Percent of "Max output ampl"

Phase delay (U)

L1U:

L1U:

Φ1 :

L2U:

L2U:

Φ2:

L3U:

L3U:

Φ3:

Calibration form from the rear of CA3

Note! If you have selected EX1NF, EX1, EX3NF or EX3 as External Amplifier you must run the External Amplifier setup (see below). 5. Press to return to the “System” menu and follow the instructions on the display. A double offset calibration is always made by Freja 300 after changing settings in “Connect”, in order to assure the best accuracy of the system. 6. Connect the amplifier to the CA3-connector on the rear of Freja 300.

The value in respective unit

Example: A 50 A 3-phase amplifier giving the max amplitude for 5 VRMS and a measurement scale factor of 2.5 V/50 A. The maximal permitted offset is 250 mA.

Note! Unused phases must me connected to ground (earth).

Calculate and enter the following values in the fields respectively:

Freja 300 is now ready to be used together with the amplifier. The maximum amplitude to be generated is automatically calculated by the Freja 300.

“Max output ampl” ”Gain” ”Meas. factor” ”Max offset permitted”

7. When you do not want to use the amplifier any longer, select “External Amplifier, Connect” again and reset the phases to “ ”.

Setting up the ROGOW amplifier (Rogowski)

External Amplifier setup If you have selected an external amplifier CA1, CA1H or CA3 from Programma you do not need to run the setup procedure. For other amplifiers do as follows. 1. In the menu “System” press to select “External Amplifier, Setup”. Here you enter the data for the amplifier you want to use. There are five fields, see table below.

Note! You can use either external current or voltage amplifiers.

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50 A 10 A / V 0.05 V / A 0.5%

i.e. 50 A / 5 V i.e. 2.5V / 50 A i.e. 250 mA of 50 A

Note! To use the Rogowski function the FREJA 300 must have the optional Rogowski PC-board installed. Different Rogowski have different output levels. The FREJA can simulate these different levels but first some calculations are required to find out the gain factors, one for the voltage and one for the current. Definitions:

U set max

Max Voltage SET, example 100 V

U out max U

Max OUTPUT voltage, example 2 V

I set max

Max Current SET, example 1 A

U out max I

Max OUTPUT voltage, example 0.15 V



U gain=U setmax/(3*U out max U) If we use the figures in the example above to calculate: U gain=100/(3*2/)=16.667

I gain=I set max/(2*U out max I) If we use the figures in the example above to calculate: I gain=1/(2*0.15)=3.333

generators or 3 as Rogowski and 3 generators as normal, e.g. as 3 normal voltage and 3 Rogowski current. 16. Press “ESC” 17. Now connect the cable to “EXT.” on the back of FREJA. FREJA is now ready to be used as normal. The difference is that to output will be converted to the signal that a Rogowski coil would have sent out.

Tip! In the Freja Win directory C:\PETOOLS\FREJAWIN\ you can find an Excel file GAIN FACTORS.XLS for easy calculation of the gain factors. Now these values shall be inserted into FREJA 300. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Go to the “MAIN” page Go to the “SYSTEM” page Go to “SETUP” Select “ROGOW” with the dial Select “TYPE U” with the dial (if it is not already selected) 6. Set “MAX OUTPUT AMPL.” To the value you have for “U set max”, in the Example it was 100 V 7. Set “GAIN”, in the example it was 16.667 8. Set “Ph.comp” if necessary 9. Select “TYPE I” 10. Set “MAX OUTPUT AMPL.” to the value you have for “I set max”, in the example it was 1 A. But since we want also to be able to set a bit higher current we set max to 2A (the “I gain” will remain the same).

Note! See the value you set in FREJA´s display as X*primary values. Example: If you have a 400 A to 150 mV Rogowski transformer and want to simulate 800 A you shall set FREJA to 2 A 11. Set “GAIN”, in the Example it was 3.333 12. Set “Ph.comp” if necessary (normally 90 degrees for I) 13. Press “ESC” 14. Press “CONNECT” 15. Select “ROGOW” on I generators (page 1) and/or U generators (page2). This means it is possible to have Rogowski on all 6


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PC-communication Freja 300 – Relay 1. Connect the relay to Freja 300 using a serial cable. The connector is on the rear of Freja 300. (No.6 in “Rear ” illustration). 2. Switch No. 7 in the “Front ” illustration can be used to alternate the PC connection between Freja 300 and the relay.

Note! Do not turn the dial on Freja 300 when you communicate with the relay, since Freja 300 is not connected to the PC and Freja 300 will try to communicate with the PC when you turn the dial. This will cause a communication error. Relay communication software is not included with Freja 300. The relay software must release the COM-port, when not in use, otherwise the Relay / PC switch will not work.

USB-converter USB-to-RS232 converter is an alternative to the FREJA/Relay switch. You connect your relay communication cable to the USB with this converter. Now you can generate with FREJA while continuously reading measurements from the relay. You can get this type of USB-converter from your PC supplier.

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4 How to use Freja 300 – PC-controlled Installation of Freja Win software version 5.0 Note! System requirements Pentium II 266 MHz (minimum), 32 MB RAM, SVGA 800x600, CD-drive and Windows 95/ 98/2000 or Windows NT 4.0 (service pack 6). Note! The internal software in FREJA must be version R04P or later. This is shown at start up of FREJA during a few seconds, or later on by selecting System from Main menu. Note! If you have an old version of FREJA Win installed you must uninstall this first. Select “Uninstall FREJA Win” from the Programma group. This will NOT remove any test results that you have saved.

4. The installation starts with installing of MDAC (Microsoft Data Access Components).

IMPORTANT! You must install “MDAC” once on every computer. 5. The installation of MDAC is language dependent so please select the language of your windows installation.

Hard disk space needed for installation of Freja Win 5.0 MDAC 2.6

Data access components

19 Mbyte

Freja Win 3.1

English language only

60 Mbyte

Manuals

20-40 Mbyte

Acrobat Reader

10 Mbyte

Installation procedure 1. Insert the FREJA Win CD. It will auto start (or run frejinst.exe). 2. Select the language to use during installation. 3. Next you can choose to either update the FREJA Local (internal software) or to install the FREJA Win (or cancel the installation).

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Note! MDAC require Internet Explorer 4.01 Service Pack 2. If you run Windows 98 or Windows 2000 this is already installed. 6. After installation of MDAC (and DCOM95) or to skip this, if you already have installed it on the computer, choose NEXT to continue. 7. Select the active FREJA Win language. 8. Then select the additional languages (if you want).

Note! You must have acrobat reader 5.0 (or later) to be able to read the documentation. The reader will be installed at the end of the installation, but you can cancel the installation if you already have version 5.0 or later installed. 9. Restart the computer before starting FREJA Win. 10.After restarting the computer three messages will appear on screen:

11.Now the installation of FREJA Win is completed.

Local SW 1. If you have done an upgrade, also check that the Local software is SW Ver: R04P (or higher). This can be checked by selecting ”MAIN MENU”, ”SYSTEM”. 2. If the Local SW needs to be updated, insert the FREJA Win CD again, and select FREJA Local. Follow the instructions on the screen.


Software keys

To be able to communicate with the FREJA you must a SW-key. The software key will “unlock” all or some of the instruments, depending on which key(s) you have bought. It is possible to an other SW-key later on (e.g. for the Transducer instrument). If you have bought a new unit from Programma the is already done and you can stop reading here. 1. The first time you try to communicate with the FREJA by starting any instrument, it will check if the correct SW-key is installed, if not it will ask you to insert the SW-key diskette. 2. Check that you have the correct diskette (with a “key picture”) with the same serial number as your FREJA. The serial number of the FREJA can be found on the label on the FREJA back- and in the local SW under ”MAIN MENU”, ”SYSTEM”. 3. This ”unlocking procedure” only needs to be done once for each FREJA. When the FREJA is ”unlocked” it can communicate with any PC that have FREJA Win installed. 4. It is possible to later on an other SW-key (e.g. for the Transducer instrument) from ”Configuration”, ”Options”, ”Key load”.

Recheck key In some special cases it can be necessary to use the function ”Recheck key”. Example: You have SW-keys only for e.g. General and Distance in a certain FREJA (No.1) and you use this FREJA with your PC. If you connect your PC to another FREJA (No.2), which has the SW-keys for e.g. General, Distance, Sync, Current, and Transducer you will only be able to use General and Distance, because the PC “” that last time it was only these instruments available on FREJA (No.1). To solve this problem you use the function ”Recheck key”. FREJA (No.2) will then ”tell” the PC that there are more instruments available.

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Running Freja DOS FREJA Win 5.0 requires FREJA Local version R04P, but R04P is not compatible with FREJA DOS or FREJA Win 3.0 If you for some reason want to run FREJA DOS or FREJA Win 3.0 you must change FREJA Local to R03N.

Getting ready for use To get ready to use Freja 300 you must carry out the following:

The text on the screen appears during a few seconds during start-up. It shows the active Local SW.

• Connect the computer’s serial port to Freja 300 using a serial cable. The connector is on the rear of Freja 300. (No.7 in “Rear ” illustration).

FREJA Local has two memories. In memory No. 1 is R03N stored, in memory No.2 is R04O stored.

Starting Freja Win

How to change the Local version A. To recall memory No.1 press and hold button , until “Recalling 1” appears on the display. B. To recall memory No.2 press and hold button , until “Recalling 2” appears on the display.

Tip! It is also possible to view the version of the active local SW from “MAIN”, “SYSTEM”.

1. Click on ”Start” - ”Program” - ”Programma” ”FREJA Win Control Center”.

Note! If the communication between FREJA and the PC is not working correct, please se the following fault list.

Fault list Fault Freja Win is set to ”Off-line”. What to do Click on the icon or change the settings in the ”Configuration menu. Fault No FREJA connected. What to do Connect FREJA to PC, or keep on if you just want to work with the FREJA Win without the FREJA. Fault FREJA was not ready with the start-up procedure. What to do Wait until the start-up is ready and restart FREJA Win Fault

The cable between FREJA and PC is not the correct type, it must be a straight cable, 1-1, 2-2, 3-3,….9-9 What to do Change cable

Fault FREJA was already in REMOTE MODE What to do Press <Esc> on FREJA a few times until REMOTE MODE disappear (if it doesn’t work, use ON/OFF but wait until the start up procedure is ready), then restart FREJA Win.

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's registration The first time you start an instrument (e.g. General) with the Freja 300 connected you will see the 's registration form on the screen. Please fill in this form, it is important that the serial number is filled in, and send it to Programma Electric AB. By doing this we can give you a better and keep you informed on new software releases.

How to optimize the system performance running FREJA Win The performance of the computer depends not only on the U clock speed, it is also dependent on the U type, hardware configuration and other software components (power saving, disk caching etc.) in the system. Lower U performance needs more from other components to get better system performance! Here are some adjustments you can do to get better system performance running FREJA/Win: • Don't use disk compression. • Don't use power saving. • Don't use network connection. • Don't use screen saver. • Don’t use IR-communication. • Minimise graphic acceleration. • Minimise disk cache. • Adjust COM port FIFO buffer to low. • Antivirus SW can decrease system performance. The “System Monitor”, click Start/Program/Accessories/System Tools/System Monitor, can help you visualise U workload. If it is 100% most of the time the communication might hang up. Try to close other programs or use a faster PC.


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FREJA Win Control Center Recheck key In some special cases it can be necessary to use the function ”Recheck key”. Example: You have SW-keys only for e.g. General and Distance in a certain FREJA (No.1) and you use this FREJA with your PC. If you connect your PC to another FREJA (No.2), which has the SW-keys for e.g. General, Distance, Sync, Current, and Transducer you will only be able to use General and Distance, because the PC “” that last time it was only these instruments available on FREJA (No.1). To solve this problem you use the function ”Recheck key”. FREJA (No.2) will then ”tell” the PC that there are more instruments available.

Import special keys Use this to import special keys, e.g. Trail keys

View Here you select which instrument to show

Options

Here you can fill in the ´s registration

Diagnose The Diagnose will start Doctor FREJA. This will result in a file “Diagnose.txt” saved under C:\PETOOLS\FREJAWIN. In this file you can get information about the system and about the SWkeys loaded into the FREJA. You can e.g. see which instruments are NOT possible to run.

Note! It is recommended to attach this diagnose.txt file to the service department at Programma, if your FREJA is not working correct

Key load Use this to new SW-keys. If you have bought a new FREJA from Programma the is already done. This function is only used if you want to add some SW-key (e.g. for Transient)

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Start test and save 1. Start the instrument you want to use. For more information see the respective instrument. Fill in the report header information for the test object.

Note! If one or more instruments (e.g. Transducer) is not possible to select (the text is gray) you have not the software key for that instrument. See section “Software keys” in this manual. If you do not want an instrument to be displayed you can in make this selection in the “View” menu. 2. Make the test in e.g. Distance, when you are ready you can make a printout direct from Distance or do it later on. 3. Close Distance. 4. Go back to the Control Center. 5. Click ”Save test”, check the information for the report header.

Note! It is important that you set the correct information here, all your reports will have this information in the header. This also includes the date and time, press “Get system time” to update the Date and Time fields.

7. Now you will see the directory structure of your PC. You can save the test wherever you want, you decide the file structure yourself. Create the structure with the Windows Explorer or use the “Create Directory” button. 8. Select the directory where to save, click “Proceed”. On the screen you will see the content of the selected directory, to help you avoid overwriting an old file.

Note! A Freja icon will be shown on each directory containing a Freja test.

6. You can change the labels on the first four fields, here Station, Line, Relay and "blank". This is done in the “Configuration” menu.


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This icon shows that FREJA 300 is in online mode and is ready to communicate. You can switch to offline mode by clicking on it.

New test 1. To make a new test in General, click the General button and wait until General have started.

2. Start a new test by clicking the button “New test”. This will delete the old test results, but the settings will remain. Phase names Here you can change the default phase names.

Note! If you click the button ”Clear TEMP”

Default Phase rotation Here you set the default phase rotation for the General Instrument.

before starting General all settings and old test results will be erased. You will then start with the default values.

Default frequency Here you can change the default frequency.

Note! You must click the button “Clear TEMP” to make these changes as default.

3. 4. 5. 6.

Make the test. When the test is ready, close General. Go to the Control Center. Click “Save” and select a new directory to store the test in. You will get a warning if you try to overwrite an existing test directory.

Report This icon will appear if: • No Freja is connected • If you try to start Freja Win before Freja startup is ready ( you should hear a beep - beep when Freja is ready) To be able to communiucate again, disable this “off-line-mode”.

1. To make a report on an old test, click “Open Test”. 2. Select the directory where you have saved the test. 3. Click the printer button when the instrument has opened.

Note! In ”Configuration” you can select print out in colour or black & white.

1. Click on the icon or unmark the “off-line” in ”Configurations”.

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Second test If you want to test the same object again e.g. one year later. 1. Click “Open test” and select the test directory. 2. The instrument e.g. General will open with the settings and results from last test. 3. Click the button “New test”. This will delete the old test results, but the settings will remain.

4. Make the test. 5. Close the instrument. 6. Go back to the Control Center and click “Save”. 7. Click “Get system time” to update date and time. 8. Select a new directory to store the test in. You will get a warning if you try to overwrite an existing test directory.

Note! Every time you start an instrument, General or Distance (without using “Open test”) the program will use the last test settings (stored in a temporary directory). If you want to start the test with default settings and delete the old tests result, click “Clear Temp”.

Exit 1. To exit, click “Exit” or “X” after a test. If you have not saved the results you will get a question “Exit without saving?”.


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5 General instrument Basic The General Instrument is like a big ”toolbox” were you can control the generators as you like in amplitude, phase angle and frequency. The General instrument is useful for many different types of relays. Under the first tab you find the Config submenu.

The box ”External sync (GPS)” should be checked if you want make End-to-end testing using two (or more) FREJAs. You can use the optional GPS-100 receiver from Programma or any other GPS receiver that give a 5 V TTL-signal on a specified time. The general instrument can generate sine wave and harmonics. If you want to generate transients for End-to-end testing you should use the optional Transient software from Programma.

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General – Toolbar

New test

Report

Start a new test by clicking the button “New test”. This will delete the old test results, but the settings will remain.

Print -out of a report, see section Report

Binary Outputs list Set the time (in ms or ccs) to activate each BO. Red = activate. The time is counted from start of the state number specified in the lower left corner.

Note! First you must select Binary outputs to use in the Config menu.

BO

Set the Binary outputs manually.

Relations

Set the relations in amplitude and phase angle.

Voltage U1=U2=U3 This will gain the voltage amplitude. 120

The phase angle will be 120 degrees between the voltages

None

This means none of the amplitude relations is selected, use this if you only want to change one value.

Current I1=I2=I3 This will gain the current amplitude. 120

The phase angle will be 120 degrees between the currents

I1=I2=I3 This will set the phase angle in parallel, if you need to generate up to 45 A None

This means none of the phase relations is selected, use this if you only want to change one value.

Generators This will show the measurement of the output from the six generators. The measurement uses a multiplex channel, which means that it takes some time to measure all channels. This means that you will get no values if you try to measure on a short time.

BO

Use the Add,

button to add a line,

click on the Binary Output to activate it (red), set the time in ms (or ccs). The time is counted from start of the state number specified in the lower left corner. Press Add again to get one more line.


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harmonics and State 2 with harmonics and the state 3 with some other harmonics curve.

Analogue inputs Shows the measurement of the analogue inputs.

Binary list

When you have received a trip you can se the trip time on the normal timer but if you press the “BI list” button on the toolbar you can get more information. Amplitude and phase angle for each generator together with the time and state number. If there have been any more event on the binary input this is also shown here (normally bounces from the relay). The event that caused the trip is marked with green.

Graphic

Graphic display of binary events and wave forms.

This example shows: 100% of the fundamental + 33% of the 3rd harmonic + 90 degrees phase shift + 10% of the 5th harmonic.

Note! If you give long names for the curves it can be hard to see the full name, but it is shown in its full length in the yellow tooltips.

Harmonic curve Here you can create a harmonic curve. Up to the 25th harmonic and up to 5 components. You can save up to 6 different curves in one test. Here you only define the waveform, the amplitude and frequency you set later on in the Sequence or Ramp page. • Click “Add curve” , fill in a name. • Click “Edit curve” Select which generator to use for the different curves. Specify for each state. State 1 can e.g. be Prefault without

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Log

List of all trips. If you use the arrows and change to another number, the setting values on the screen will also change to the value you had at that trip.

Trash can

Using the trash can icon you can delete or undo delete of any trip results.



General – Menu File Report

See section Report

New test

See New test Toolbar

Exit

Exit the General

Config – menu Test Conditions Uref

Log The same functions as for the the toolbar.

View Here you can open the same function as from the toolbar. Useful when not using the mouse.

Window Here you can jump between the pages, without using the mouse.

Help About

Shows the version of General.

Sets the amplitude of the voltage reference generator. All generators refer to this generator in phase angle. If you do not use this, set the amplitude to 0 V.

Off-delay

Defines the time Freja will continue to generate after trip in the last state. It will stop on next zero-crossing, from negative to positive, of Uref. A normal value is 80 – 100 ms. Fixed frequency You can select “NONE”, “16 2/3”, “50”, “60” Hz, "multiple" If you select a fixed frequency, you can select time base, in ms or ccs. If you select fixed frequency as “NONE” or "multiple" you can only select ms (as in the picture above). This is used when testing frequency relays. Select "multiple" if you want to set individual frecuency for each generator. Multiple frequency does not work in the Ramp-meny. External sync Select if you want to start two FREJA simultaneously either by GPS or external signal. Generators In the drop down menu you can select “AC”, “DC” or “OFF”. It is possible to set a maximum generated value in the right fields. BI (1 – 5) & BI (6 – 10) Here you select which binary inputs to use in the 1 – 5 group and the 6 – 10 group. You can also type in a name for each Binary input e.g. Trip. You select sense or voltage sense with the button. BO Select which binary outputs to use. You can also type in a name for each Binary output. Phase rotation Select how to make settings for the phase angel.


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Note! If you need to change the settings in the “Config” menu after you have started a test you must first press the button “Start new test” to clear the data in log list.

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Connect – menu In the “Connect” submenu you can write information on how to connect the relay. This information will be saved together with the object. This means that the connection information is ready next time you shall test this object. You can copy information, with text and pictures, from another program e.g. from Word and then paste it here with the command + .


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Sequence – menu

In the “Sequence” tab you can jump between different states (up to 28).

State Settings

Here you make the settings in amplitude and phase angle for each generator individually. Max generating time can be set. A normal time for 1st state, Prefault, is normally 400 ms. If the “Stop if Goal” is marked the generation will stop when Binary inputs are equal to the Binary goal. 42



If the “Stop if Goal” is not marked, the program will jump to next state, if more than 2 states are selected. In this example “Stop if Goal” is grey because it is in the last state 2 of 2 and then it will stop at goal. If you want it to continue generate after goal in this case you can add one more state with the same settings. You can make the settings in five ways: A. Click in a field, type in the new value, press <Enter> B. Click in a field, type in the new value, press C. Click in a field, turn the dial on Freja 300. D.Using the mouse, drag the vector of any generator. E. Click in the field, change the values using the arrow keys, up /down. This can also be done while generating (if manual mode is selected). When the setting of state 1 is ready, change to state 2 and make the setting for it. Change dial speed

relay. Grey means open or no voltage from the relay. The top right lamp shows the Binary Goal. When Binary Goal = status, the goal is reached and the timer stops (or jumps to next state, see above).

Binary Goal Grey = Open Red = Closed Red/grey = Change, from open to close or from close to open (stop on any event). Black = Not used, this means this binary input is not used for the moment and is not used to check if Binary goal = status. The most common BI Goal is “Close”.

Note! The Binary Goal is an AND function, this means all signals on the Binary Inputs must come before the goal has reached. But you can use Black = Not used, this signal is not used to check if Binary Goal = status.

Start button You can start in two different modes.

To change the dial speed, press the dial or the remote control dial. You can also by mouse, click to the lamps to change the speed. One lamp – slow speed, four lamps highest speed.

Binary Input(s)

A. Sequence, starts with State 1 then State 2, then State 3 etc.

Note! In Sequence you can not change the values while generating. B. Manual, means start of the setting in the selected State, here you can also change the setting values while generating. When you click “START” and the relay trip you will add this test to the Log list. You can then change settings and run a new shot, which will also be added to the Log list if the relay trips. Use the Log list arrows to move up and down in the list. The corresponding settings and trip times will be shown. When you have more then one shot in the Log list a button marked “Test all” will appear. If you click this button and then the ”START” button, all shots from the Log list will run in a sequence.

The top left lamp shows the status of the Binary Input. Red means closed or voltage from the


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TIP! If you want the vector to be taller, change the scale.

To prepare a “Test all” sequence in advance You can prepare a “Test all” without any relay. 1. Make the settings for the first shot.

2. Click the “Add test” button, 3. Make the settings for the second shot and click the “Add test” button again. Repeat this for all your shots. 4. Select “Test all” and click “START” to try it out. 5. Store the test. Now you have a test sequence ready to run whenever you want. Just open the test, select “Test all” and click “START”.

In the sequence menu you can set up a -fail condition. If the trip time is between “min. triptime” and “max. triptime” it will be judged as “” and shown with a green lamp, if it fails there is a red lamp. This is done for each state.

Multiple frequency If you have selected "multiple" in the config menu you set the frequencies as follows. 1. Click the "Frequency" button and set the frequency for each generator. //NY BILD//

Note! If you do not get a trip when running “Test all” the Log list will be erased. To restore the Log list, click the button ”Get back log”

.

Vector diagram The vector diagram shows the amplitude and phase angle for each generator. Red for phase 1, yellow for phase 2, blue for phase 3. The thicker vectors are for the currents. If you right-click the mouse you can change the colours of the vectors and background. You can drag the vectors using the left mouse button and then change the amplitude and phase angle. The number in the upper left corner shows the actual state.

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Ramp – menu

In the Ramp instrument can you ramp all variables, like the voltage amplitude dU/dt, voltage phase dUφ/dt, current amplitude dI/dt, current phase dIφ/dt and the frequency df/dt. The values are changed every cycle if frequency is below 100 Hz. When frequency is over 100 Hz it will take 2 to 5 cycles to change the values. To ramp the frequency, the “Fixed frequency” in the “Config” tab must be set to None.

Ramp type

Select different types of ramp.


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A.

Standard ramp Start - Stop A ramp from start values to stop values.

B.

Start - Stop - Start ramp This ramp will go from start value to stop value (or when it reach BI-goal) and then back to start again. The speed of the ramps and BI-goals are set individually in ”Ramp 1” and “Ramp 2”. This type of ramp can for example be used for pick-up and dropout test.

C.

Standard ramp with on and off delay This is a ramp from start to stop values, but it is possible to set a delay in start. This means it will generate the start values a definite time before the ramp starts. The stop delay means it will generate stop values (or the values when BI-goal reaches) a definite time before generation stops.

D.

Start - Stop - Start ramp with on and off delay The same as in B but with on and off delay as in C.

Speed

The speed of the ramp, from start to stop.

Note! For ramp type B and D the speed are set individually for “Ramp 1” and “Ramp 2”.

Result The result is shown as yellow figures below the stop values.

Start Set the start value of the ramp.

Stop Set the stop value of the ramp.

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Check list

When testing a relay not all parts needs measuring, some parts can be done by a visual inspection. Here you can create your own “Check list” and tick the check-box when it is done. This will also be printed out in the report. When you select “New test” the check marks will be removed but the text will remain.

Notes In the ”Notes” menu you can make notes (but only as text, no pictures) about the specific test e.g. if some part of the relay is broken and need repairs. This information will then be printed in the report.


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6 Distance instrument Basic The Distance instrument is designed for testing distance relays. Distance contains Zt for time test and RX-Ramp and RX-point for testing the reach, whirlwind and RX for manual/semiautomatic test in the impedance plane.

Under the first tab you find the Config submenu.

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Distance – Toolbar BO

Click on any icon to open it, click on it again to close it.

Report

Set the Binary outputs manually.

Generators Shows the measurement of the output from the six generators. Only possible in the RX mode.

See section headed ”Report”

Analogue inputs Shows the measurement of the analogue inputs. Binary Outputs list Set the time (in ms) to activate each BO. Only possible in the RX mode. Red = activate. The time is counted from start of the state number specified in the lower left corner.

Note! First you must select Binary outputs to use in the Config menu and the Binary output list can only be used in the RX mode.

Binary list

Shows the events on the binary inputs.

Grid Grid on/off in the oscilloscope.

Clear osc.

Clear the oscilloscope. If you click this in RN you will delete all test points in 1phase faults. If you click it in RS you will delete all test points in 2-phase faults.

Adjust axis Click this button and use the mouse to move the origin.

U, I, phi

Use the Add,

button to add a line,

Shows the faulty state settings. Normally you do not need to change these values. You can not set higher value than maximum fault value from the “Config” menu. The Uphi is the angle when the fault starts, normally 90 degrees because then the amplitude is at maximum value.

click on the Binary Output to activate it (red), set the time in ms (or ccs). The time is counted from start of the state number specified in the lower left corner. Press Add again to get one more line.


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Import a graph Here you define the path to the reference graphs. These reference graphs will be saved together with the object. The reference graph is used to detect , FAIL in RX-Ramp and in RX-point.

The settings from RIO-file will automatically be filled into the fields. The reference graph will also be created from the RIO-file

Edit/create a reference graph This open up the reference graph program where you can create or edit a reference graph. For more information see the Reference graph section.

Add a new ramp To manually add a new ramp in RXramp, RX-point and PSB. For more information, see section RX-Ramp, Add manual ramps.

Edit ramp

Change start/stop position of the selected ramp

Log

List of all trips in RX. If you use the arrows and change to another number, the setting values on the screen will also change to the value you had at that trip.

Delete

With the trashcan icon you can delete any trip.

2. Start the test.

Note! When you use RIO-files you will not be able to find out if you have made wrong settings for the relay, since you test directly against the ed settings. Make sure that you also compare with the selectivity plan.

RIO Converter The RIO converter converts RIO files to FREJA reference graphs. RIO files contains information about the settings of the relay. You can get the RIO files out of e.g. SIEMENS ”Digsi”, and some other relays (mostly in ). 1. Click this button to import the RIO-file into FREJA.

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Config – menu Frequency

You can select; 50, 60, or 16 2/3 Hz. (It is also possible to select a default frequency in the “Control Center”.)

Network Model You should start by selecting a network model since the protective relay system will normally be set for ohms per phase, but Freja must generate ohms per loop in order to supply the system correctly. This means that a factor of 2 must be included (for 2-phase faults), either by generating half the current or double the voltage.

This network model is the most frequently used, although problems can arise if you want to generate high impedances because there is not high enough voltage. In such case select network model 3PZSTD1A.

Network model 3PZSTD1A

Network model 3PZSTD2A

In network model 3PZSTD1A, a factor of 2 is already included in the current. Consequently only half the current set on the screen will be generated.

In network model 3PZSTD2A, a factor of 2 is included in the voltage. Consequently, twice as much voltage as that set on the screen will be generated. This network model is useful when you want to generate high impedances in situations where it is difficult to provide high enough voltage.

Note! However, if you want to test a protective relay system equipped with overcurrent starting, you MUST select 3PZSTD2A.


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Network model 3PZ3I1B Network model 3PZ3I1B is used only when you want to connect currents in parallel in order to generate 3x15 = 45 Amps. The parallel connection of the current outputs must be done with cables L1IL2I-L3I, see figure below.

If your relays have different times for single and multiple phase faults, check this box. No. of Zones Select the number of zones for the relay you will test. 1. Set the theoretical trip time. It is possible to have the same time on two different zones, normally one in forward and one in reverse direction. 2. Set the time tolerance. 3. Set the impedance tolerance.

Prefault settings Prefault settings, normally 0A, 63 V, 200 ms and 0°. For older electromechanical relays you might need to increase the duration to 2000-4000 ms. Off-delay

Defines the time Freja will continue generate after trip, a normal value in reality is 4 – 5 ccs. or 80 – 100 ms. It will stop on next zero-crossing, from negative to positive, of Uref. Max. Fault Settings These are the maximum values that will be generated. These values are used in the instruments. It is used to calculate the maximum impedance.

Uref

Sets the amplitude of the voltage reference generator. All generators refer to this generator in phase angle. If you do not use this set the amplitude to 0 V.

BI (1 – 5) BI (6 – 10) Here you select which binary inputs to use in the 1 – 5 group and the 6 – 10 group. You can also type in a name for each Binary input e.g. Trip. Time

You can select ms or ccs (cycles, not implemented yet).

If the trip signal is a dry you select sense with this button.

Note! If you want to make a new test or need to change the settings in the “Config” menu after you have started a test you must first click the button “Start a new test” to clear the data in log list.

If the trip signal is a wet you select voltage sense with this button.

BO

Here you select which binary outputs to use. You can also type in a name for each Binary output.

Current Direction Change the direction with 180°, forward or backward direction.

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Connect – menu Check this box and set the value if your relay setting has the definition of Z related to the nominal current.

Ground factor The ground factor can be defined in two ways. One way is to define Ke and the other way is to unmark “Use standard” and define Re/RI and Xe/XI. lKel

Ground fault factor, used in the network models. This factor is used for some manufactures distance relays to get the 1-phase fault values into ohm/phase. If Ke = 0 the 1 phase fault is presented as ohm/loop.

Kphi

The ground factor angle.

Re/RI Xe/Xl This is an alternative setting possibility to lKel and Kphi that is used by some protection manufacturers. Hereby the protection's ground impedance determination is done via resistance and reactance ratio. In that case the protection settings must be entered here. This setting possibility should only be used when the protection to be tested is using this definition. In all other cases lKel and Kphi should be used.


In the “Connect” submenu you can write information on how to connect the relay. This information will be saved together with the object. This means that the connection information is ready next time you shall test this object. You can copy information, with text and pictures, from an other program e.g. from Word and then paste it here with the command + .

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RX-Ramp – menu

The RX-Ramp menu is for reach test of the distance relay.

Normally when you are testing relays you test one phase at a time. But here you can select to test all seven fault types automatically 1. Mark the fault types you want to test (as default all are marked). 2. Import a reference graph. 3. Click the “START” button. Freja 300 will now test the selected fault types automatically and then compare the values with the theoretical values (the reference graph) and check against the tolerance you have set in the “Config” menu. If the values are within the tolerances there will be a green lamp, if not a red lamp. You can also make the test without the reference graph, then without /FAIL.

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Resolution Freja use a binary search to find the zone border. The smallest step is defined in the “Resolution” field. If you test a relay with a short reach (small impedance settings) you might need to decrease the “Resolution” value. This is most important if two zones are very close to each other. If two test points are closer than five times the resolution the program will delete the last test point since it calculate that it was in the same zone. The test point which is not within the tolerance will get a red ring around the test point and the phase fault with this test point will be marked with a red point.

Definition of the tolerance borders. FREJA Win calculate the tolerance from the (R+X)/ 2 for each zone. If it is a circle it will calculate the tolerance from the diameter instead.

How to make a reach test 1. Select Start angle, Stop angle, and delta Phi for all fault types. The length of the ramps are calculated from the max current and voltage you have set in the “Config” menu. The maximal length is shown as a red ring. 2. Define which reference graphs to use, by clicking the icon “Import a graph”. Select LN.GRH (Line-Neutral) for 1-phase, and LL.GRH (Line-Line) for 2-phase and LL.GRH or LLL.GRH for 3-phase. For information on how to create reference graphs, see section Reference graph.

Tolerance lines

3. Adjust the scale if it is not correct. The scale is the same for all 1-phase faults so if you change for AN it will also effect the other 1-phase faults. The same is valid for 2- and 3-phase faults. If you change the scale for AB it will effect the other 2-phase faults. 4. Adjust origin, by clicking on the icon

To display the tolerance lines Mark the ”Tolerance lines” check box (to the right of the ”Start” button). FREJA Win will display the tolerances for the impedance from the Config page. The colours of the lines are the same as the colours of the zones. Colours can be changed in the Config page. The tolerance lines will use the zone order of the Reference graph, so it is important that you create the reference graphs with the correct zone order. This can however be changed afterwards, see chapter Reference Graph, section Make a reference graph, Manual method, for more information.


“Adjust axis”, then drag the red square origin to the correct position. Note! If you only want to run one fault type, unmark the rest of the fault types, before starting. 5. Click the “START” button. Each (selected) fault type is now tested automatically. Freja 300 will show the different test results with different colours and the zone number for each zone. Test points which are not within the specified tolerance will have a red ring around that point.

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Delete ramps in the raampp test

Add manual ramps

If you want to delete a ramp, click with left mouse button on the ramp until the ramp gets red, then right click on it and select “Delete ramp”.

To add manual ramps.

Select zones in the ramp test If you right-click on a ramp you can select which zones this ramp shall test. This will speed up the test since you do not need to search for a border of zone 3 if you know that zone 3 is in the reverse direction. The selection will be copied into all single-phase faults if you do a selection in one of the singlephases. One change in a 2-phase will affect all 2phase faults.

1. Click the icon

“Add ramp” or click

the right mouse button in the black oscilloscope, select “Add a ramp”. 2. This window will show up.

Results The result for each fault type can be seen in the “BI” list by clicking on the BI list ikon. You will only see one fault type in each list.

Report Report, see section Report.

3. Click on the Ramp Start button 4. Use the mouse to get the position (in the oscilloscope) for the start of the ramp, then click the left mouse button. 5. If you want the ramp to stop some where else than the origin.

Paus You can make a paus in the testing by clicking the “Paus” button . This is used for a short break, if it is going to be a long break it is better to close the instrument and later start it again.

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Click on the Ramp Stop button 6. Use the mouse to get the position for the stop of the ramp, then click the left mouse button. You can also set the values exactly by typing the figures in the fields; R, X, lZI or ZΦ.



A ramp could look like this.

Note! The ramp you add in RN will be copied to all single phase faults and those added in AB will be copied to all 2-phase faults. 7. You can now run a single ramp, if it is marked (red). If it is not marked, click on it. To start, click button, “START”. 8. If you want to add one more ramp, start from no. 3 again.

Run ramps A. You can select one ramp to run by clicking on the ramp, it will then be red, or by using the arrows at the bottom of the “Ramp Points” window. B. To run all the ramps. Unmark all marked ramps by clicking somewhere in oscilloscope without marking any ramp.

Origin offset To move the origin outside of the oscilloscope type in the desired values. To move the origin inside the oscilloscope use the “Adjust axis” in the toolbar.


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RX Point – menu

The RX Point works very much the same as RX Ramp but it will test only at the max and min value of the tolerances (from “Config” menu). If there is a trip on the min value (inside the zone) and no trip at the max value (outside the zone) the test is ed. The report for RX-Point will show the triptime inside the zones. Outside the zones there shall not be any trip, it is shown as “----”.

If the test is ed it will be marked with agreen circle, if it failed there will be a red square.

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RX – menu

The RX page is either an alternative to ZT to find the trip time or a tool to test the relays in detail at different points. You can run RX either in an automatic or manual mode.


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Automatic mode Specify test points

The test points will have a brown colour before they are tested, when they are tested they will get a colour corresponding to the zone time. E.g. a trip time in 428 ms it will get a pink colour since the time is within 400 ±10% ms in this example. If the time is outside the tolerance it will get a red ring around the test point.

When you select “Automatic” you first have to specify the test points you want to test. This can be done in two ways: A Double click left mouse button were you want to create the test points. B Insert the values for R, X, Z or ZΦ and then click “Create test point” The points you create in AN will be copied to the other 1-phase faults.

Manual mode

The points you create in AB will be copied to the other 2-phase faults. ABC is a separate group.

Run the test 1. Select fault types to test. 2. Click “START”.

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Sequence

Save position

To test a single test point. 1. Select “Manual” and “Sequence”. 2. Click on desired test point, it will be marked as a square. 3. Click “START”. Sequence will generate Prefault and Fault, Prefault as long as described in the “Config” menu and Fault until trip or the time for last zone. You can toggle between Prefault and Fault using the buttons Page Up and Page Down on the keyboard.

Fault If you want to use the dial and change the value while generating you can not use the sequence mode, you must select the Fault mode.

Import ramp results To import Ramp Results, click this button:

In some cases you might want to save the position of the marker even if the relay do not send a trip signal. This will be shown as a blue marker both in the oscilloscope and in the binary list.

To save the marker position You will import the result from RX-Ramp, this will be shown as small dots.

1. Select “Manual” and “Fault”. 2. Create and select a test point (it will then change to a square symbol). 3. Click the “Start” button. The button “Save Position” appears. 4. To move the marker, use the dial to change the values of R, X, Z or ZΦ. 5. When you want to save a marker position, click the button “Save Position”. 6. Repeat 4 and 5 above to save more positions. 7. Click the “Stop” button, all marked positions will be shown in the oscilloscope.

Log list

With the log list you can jump between the test points to view the results or to delete this test points from the results that will be shown in the BI list and the report. For report, see section Report.


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Whirlwind – menu

The Whirlwind instrument works like RX but it tests the complete oscilloscope. The test starts in the center of the oscilloscope and continues round like a whirlwind. The test points will have different colours, corresponding to the trip time, and the zone number in the test point. If the trip time is not within the tolerance there will also be a red ring around the test point. This test can as well be done without a reference graph, which is a good way to check the form of the characteristic.

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Zt – menu

The submenu Zt is used for time test of distance relays.

Normally when you are testing relays you test one phase at a time. But here you can select to test all seven fault types automatically 1. Mark the fault types you want to test (as default all are marked). 2. Adjust the scale in “Z” and “Time” 3. Click the “START” button. Freja 300 will now test the selected fault types automatically and then compare the values with the theoretical values, which are set in the “Config” menu. If the values are within the tolerances there will be a green lamp, if not a red lamp.


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The test point which is not within the tolerance will get a red ring around the test point. The test can start before zero ohm in the 3rd quadrant to check the reverse direction.

same is valid for 2- and 3-phase faults. If you change the scale for AB it will effect the other 2-phase faults. 5. Click “Clear all results”. 6. Click the “START” button again. Sometimes some of the test points close to the zone borders fails and get a red ring around. This is natural because the time is not stable close to the borders.

As default ZF is 90°, this means the test will go along the x-axis.

If you have imported a reference graph to the RXRamp, you can use this button to automatically create the Zt reference graph.

Another way of testing is to use the border test. This will test the trip time, e.g. ±2% of the border. If the test is OK you will also know that the border is within ±2%. For test around zero ohm the test is done with an absolute value, ”Min test area”, (you can't calculate 2% of zero ohm).

7. To delete any test points click with left mouse button on the test point until the test points gets blue. Then right click on it and select “Remove test point”

How to make a time test 1. Set the Binary goal, the right lamp, (normally close-red lamp) 2. Select test points/division (normally 2) or select border test. 3. Click the “START” button 4. Adjust the scale for “Z “and “Time” if they are not correct. The scale is the same for all 1-phase faults so if you change for AN it will also effect the other 1-phase faults. The

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Tip! If the test result is reversed, try to change the direction in the “Config” menu. If you want to delete all the test points in all phases, click “Start new test”. If you want to remove the test points in only one phase e.g. ABC, select “Phase Fault ABC” and click the button “Clear all results from the oscilloscope” on the toolbar. To run this phase again, unmark the other phases and click “Start”.

Zoom If you want to zoom some specific details: 1. Decrease the scale. 2. Change the origin offset. 3. If necessary also increase the number of test points/division. 4. Click “Start”.

Results To view the results for the fault type shown in the oscilloscope, click “BI list” on the toolbar.

Report See section Report.


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Power Swing Blocking (PSB) – menu

The PSB page is designed for testing the Power Swing Blocking function. The fault type is only 3phase (ABC). 1. Import a reference graph (if you want). 2. Add a new ramp, using the icon on the toolbar. 3. Set the speed of the ramp ”dZ/dt”, or the ”Delta time”. If you set the ”PSB out” and the ”PSB in” you can see how long time ”PSB delta” will take to these borders with the speed ”dZ/dt”. Normally you set ”PSB out” and ”PSB in” to the borders of the relays setting for PSB.

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4. Click the ”Start” button.

Note! If any ramp is marked (red) when you click ”Start”, it will ramp this ramp only. If you want to ramp all ramps you must first unmark the ramp by clicking somewhere else in the black oscilloscope. Note! The PSB function is not included in the report.



Check list

When testing a relay not all parts needs measuring, some parts can be done by a visual inspection. Here you can create your own “Check list” and tick the check-box when it is done. This will also be printed out in the report. When you select “New test” the check marks will be removed but the text will remain.

Notes – menu In the ”Notes” menu you can make notes about the specific test e.g. if some part of the relay is broken and need repairs. This information will then be printed in the report.


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7 Sync instrument Basic

The sync instrument is designed for testing synchronizing and sync check relays. Uref represents the generator and L1U the net. L2U and L3U always have the same amplitude as L1U. The phase angle is always 120 degrees between L1U, L2U and L3U.

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Config – menu

U & f Min-Max – menu

In the config menu you define the nominal and maximal values for Uref and AU. You also define the amplitude and frequency differential for the semiautomatic U&f Min-Max test. The Binary inputs are fixed. For sense use BI1-5, for voltage sense use BI 6-10. You can mix between voltage and sense. Some relays require a reset signal after each output impulse. Here you can select to use this function for the Binary output (BO1).


The U & f Min-Max menu is used for testing the minimum and maximum borders of the voltage and frequency. You can choose semi-automatic or manual test. A. In the semi-automatic mode you only need to set a small difference for the frequency and click the start button. The borders will be marked with a square and red dots at the tested points. Example: Uref nominal = 100 V, 50 Hz Initial amplitude diff. = 20% Initial frequency diff. = 0.20% The test will start at 100 V, 50 Hz and expect it to sync and then jump to 80 V (20% diff.) and expect not to sync. Now the binary search will start and continue until the step is equal to “V resolution”. B. Manual test of the borders. Set voltage or frequency yourself.

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Synchronizing – menu

within the limit for synchronizing the relay will send a pulse train to the generator. 1. Select ”Pulses”. 2. Set the values for Voltage and Frequency. 3. Click the "Start" button.

Lead time

In the ”Synchronizing” menu you can test the lead time of the relay. This is the signal, OK to close, that the relay send to the breaker. Since there is a delay in the breaker this signal must be send in advance. 1. Select "Sync". 2. Set a small difference in the frequency. 3. Click the ”Start” button. The result is in milliseconds and degrees.

Pulses

This measures the pulses, period and length, from the relay. If the frequency or the voltage is not

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Synchro check – menu

To test the synch check function of the relay you only change the phase angle. A normal value is ±20°. 1. Start at a higher value, e.g. +25°. 2. Click the ”Start” button and decrease the phase angle with the dial or with the up/ down arrows on the keyboard. When you have found the first angle, change the phase angle to -25° and search for the other angle.


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8 Current instrument Basic The current instrument is designed for testing over current relays. Here in the config menu you set up the conditions for the test.

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Current – Toolbar Clear the results This will clear the results from the selected fault type. If you want to clear the result from all fault types, use the ”Clear all results” button.

Report

Preview on screen or print out.

Binary out

Set the Binary out list.

Binary out, manually ON/OFF Manual control of the Binary outputs.

Import reference graph Define a reference graph for import.

Edit/create a reference graph Edit/create a reference graph

Log list


Generators Show the measured values of the generators.

Anaputs Show the measured values from the anaputs.

Binary List Show the events on the Binary inputs for the selected fault type.

Binary out


Tip! If the relay requires a reset pulse between the test shots you can set the binary out active in Prefault (state 1) to reset the relay.


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Config – menu

Set up the tolerance, in percent, for the time test and as an absolute minimum value in milliseconds. The time is compared with the reference graph. Set up the I>, the tolerance for the pick-up and the hysteresis.

Pick-up – menu

In this menu you test the pick-up and dropout values, then the program calculate the hysteresis. The test is done automatically. 1. Define the ”I start”, ”I stop” and the speed (dI/dt). 2. Click the ”Start” button. The current will now slowly increase until the pickup value, then the current will decrease until the dropout value and the program will calculate the hysteresis.

Note! If you have no electrical signal ”Start” from the relay you can press the button when the ”Start lamp” on the relay goes on to define the pick-up, and then press it again when the lamp goes off to define the dropout.

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Time test – menu

It is also possible to select logarithmic scale. 1. Check the boxes for Istart times the test points that you want, e.g. 3, 5 and 8 (see picture above). The value Istart is taken from the ”Config” page.

In the time test you will test the trip time of the overcurrent relay and display the result with current and time on the axis.

How to make a time test of an overcurrent relay 1. Select the fault types to test. 2. Set start and stop value for the current. 3. Adjust the scale. 4. Click ”Start”. FREJA will now start to generate the start value, in this case 1.5 A and generate this until max time, which depends on the time scale. If there is no trip there will be an ”X”. Then FREJA increase the current, and if there is a trip there will be a yellow mark. The time is compared with the reference graph. If the time is within ±10% or ±100 ms, the test is ed and a green lamp is indicated.


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9 Voltage instrument Basic The voltage instrument is designed for testing over/ under voltage relays. Here in the config menu you set up the conditions for the test.

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Voltage – Toolbar Clear the results This will clear the results from the selected fault type. If you want to clear the result from all fault types, use the ”Clear all results” button.

Report


Binary out





Log list





Binary out




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Config – menu

Pick-up – menu

Set up the tolerance, in percent, for the time test and as an absolute minimum value in milliseconds. The time is compared with the reference graph. Set up the U>, the tolerance for the pick-up and the hysteresis.

In this menu you test the pick-up and dropout values, then the program calculate the hysteresis.

Running the test 1. Define the “U start”, “U stop” and the speed (dU/dt). 2. Click the “Start” button. The test is done automatically. The voltage will slowly decrease to the the pickup value, then the voltage will increase until the dropout value is reached and after that the program will calculate the hysteresis.

Note! If you have no electrical signal “Start” from the relay you can click the button when the “Start lamp” on the relay goes on to define the pick-up, and then click it again when the lamp goes off to define the dropout.

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Time test – menu

In the time test you will test the trip time of the under/over voltage relay and display the result like this with voltage and time on the axis.

How to make a time test of an under/over voltage relay 1. Select the fault types to test. 2. Set start and stop value for the voltage. 3. Adjust the scale. 4. Click “Start”. FREJA will now start to generate the start value, in this case 30 V. If there is no trip there will be an “X”. Then FREJA increase the voltage, and if there is a trip there will be a purple mark. The time is compared with the reference graph. If the time is within ±10% or ±100 ms, (from the Config page) the test is ed and a green lamp is indicated.


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10 Frequency instrument Basic The frequency instrument is designed for testing frequency relays. To use the frequency instrument, you set a fixed voltage and vary the frequency, either slowly to check the frequency limit or by switching rapidly from a prefault frequency to a faulty frequency to measure tripping time. Here in the Config menu you set up the conditions for the test.

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Frequency – toolbar Clear the results This will clear the results from the selected fault type. If you want to clear the result from all fault types, use the ”Clear all results” button.

Report


Binary out





Log list





Binary out




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Config – menu

Manual – menu

In this menu you switch from a prefault frequency to a faulty frequency to measure the trip time. The test is done manually for each frequency value, either in “Sequence” with Prefault and Fault frequencies. Or “Manual” with only one frequency. Maximum voltage to generate is 150 V between phase-neutral (L-N). But if you connect between phase-phase (L-L) you can get up to 150 √3=259.

Sequence 1. Select “Sequence”. 2. Select state 1 and set the Prefault values. Select state 2 and set the Fault values. Do not forget to set BI-goal for each state. 3. Connect the relay between phase-neutral (LN) or phase-phase (L-L) depending on the voltage level. 4. Click “Start”.

Manual 1. Select “Manual” 2. Select the settings from state 1 or state 2 3. Connect the relay between phase-neutral (LN) or phase-phase (L-L) depending on the voltage level. 4. Click “Start”

Note! You can jump between the states with and , while generating. Time test – menu.

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Result You can jump between the results using the arrows in the log.

Scan – menu

In the report (click the Printer icon) you will see all the results.

The “Scan” menu works the same as “Manual” sequence menu, but in an automatic mode. The program will measure the trip times for the defined frequencies span. 1. Set the voltage to generate. 2. Connect the relay (Line-Line or Line-Neutral, depending on the required voltage). 3. Set the Prefault values. 4. Set Scan settings. 5. Adjust the scale. 6. Set BI-goal. 7. Connect the relay between phase-neutral (LN) or phase-phase (L-L) depending on the voltage level. 8. Click “Start”.


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Ramp – menu The “Ramp” menu is used to search for a frequency border. 1. Set the voltage to generate. 2. Connect the relay (Line-Line or Line-Neutral, depending on the required voltage). Connect the BI signal to a without any delay. 3. Set Ramp settings. 4. Adjust the scale. 5. Set BI-goal. 6. Connect the relay between phase-neutral (LN) or phase-phase (L-L) depending on the voltage level. 7. Click “Start”.

Result If you run more than one test you can jump between the results using the arrows in the log.

In the report (click the Printer icon) you will see all the results.

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11 Transducer instrument Basic Transducers are used to measure e.g. current, voltage, power, phase angle or frequency. The output from the transducer is either a DC voltage or a DC current. Normal ranges are 0-10 V or 4-20 mA, and in some cases also 0-1 mA.

Note! Transducer instrument is not included in the FREJA Win standard package, you need an optional SW-key to be able to run it.

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How to connect

Application example

The transducers input signals are connected to FREJA's voltage and/or current generators. The transducer's output signal is connected to the Analogue input low (use the included cable).

In this case we have selected an active power transducer.

Power supply connection DC-power 1. Connect to the DC-supply.

AC-power

1. Select the generators to use for the test and the accuracy class (tolerance) for the transducer. 2. Select if you want to use primary or secondary values. Fill in the values for both primary and secondary if you select to use primary values. 3. Select if the transducer output is voltage or current. 4. Fill in the input and output values.

1. Check the box “Use Uref as a power supply” on the “Config” menu and set the amplitude. 2. Connect to U-ref. 3. Click the “START” button. U-ref will start to generate the AC voltage 15 seconds before the test starts.

1. Fill in the start, stop and step values for the automatic test. It is normal to have a few seconds measurement per step, to stabilise the value. 2. Define the step. 3. Adjust the scale.


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4. Click Start and the measured output value will be shown here. The ”Full Scale” error is also shown here for each test point. If the error is within the tolerance it will be a green mark, otherwise a red ring around the test point.

Results When the test is ready you can display the result as: • “Full Scale error” i.e. the fault in % compared to the Full scale value. • ”Relative error”, i.e. the fault in % relative to each test point. • ”Absolute error”, i.e. the fault in V or mA relative to each test point.

Report You can see the result of the test in table by clicking on the binary list icon.

If you want a more complete report with table and graphs, press the report icon.

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12 Autoreclose instrument Basic The autoreclose instrument is designed for testing of relays with built in autoreclose and synchrocheck function. Here in the configuration menu you set up some of the start conditions for the test.

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Autoreclose – Toolbar

New test

Start a new test by clicking the button “New test”. This will delete the old test results, but the settings will remain.

Report

Preview on screen or printout

Binary out

Set the Binary out list

Graphic

Graphic display of binary events and wave forms.

Grid

Grid on/off in the oscilloscope.

Clear osc.

Clear the oscilloscope, in RX mode.

Adjust axis Click this button and use the mouse to move the origin

U, I, phi

Binary out, manually ON / OFF Manually control of the binary outputs

Relations

Set the relations in amplitude and phase angle.

Generators This will show the measurement of the output from the six generators. The measurement uses a multiplex channel, which means that it takes some time to measure all channels. This means that you don’t get any values if you try to measure on a short time.

Analogue inputs Shows the measurement of the analogue inputs.

Binary list

When you have received a trip you can see the trip time on the normal timer but if you press the “BI list” button on the toolbar you can get more information. Amplitude and phase angle for each generator or impedance for the different fault types together with the time and state number. If there have been more than one event on the binary input list, will it also be shown here (normally bounces from the relay). The event that caused the “trip” is marked with green.


Shows the faulty state settings. Normally you don’t need to change these values. You can’t set higher value than maximum settings from the “config” menu. The Uphi is the angle when the fault starts, normally 90 degrees because then the amplitude is at maximum value.

Import a graph Here you define the path to the reference graphs. These reference graphs will be saved together with the object.

Edit / create a reference graph This start the reference graph program where you can create or edit a reference graph. For more information see the Reference graph section.

Log


Trashcan

Using the trash can icon you can delete or undo delete of any trip results.

RIO converter Click this button to import RIO-file into Freja. The settings and end the reference graph will automatically be created.

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Config – menu Frequency

You can select; 50, 60 or 16 2/3 Hz. (It is also possible to select a default frequency in the Control Center.)

Network Model You should start by selecting a network model since the protective relay system will normally be set for ohms per phase, but Freja must generate ohms per loop in order to supply the system correctly. This means that a factor of 2 must be included (for 2-phase faults). Either by generating half the current or double the voltage. For more information see network model under Distance instrument config menu.

Time

You can select ms or ccs (cycles, not implemented yet).

Ground Factor The ground factor can be defined in two ways. One way is to define Ke and the other way is to unmark “Use standard” and define Re/Rl and Xe/Xl. For more information see ground factor under Distance instrument config menu.

Correlation factor Check the box if your relay settings have the definition of Z related to the nominal current. BI (1-5), BI (6-10) Here you select which binary inputs to use. You can also type in a name for each Binary input.

If the “trip” signal is a dry select sense with this button.

Load settings These are the normal settings for the healthy phases when using impedance diagram on the Reclose page.

If the “trip” signal is a wet select voltage sense with this button. BO (1-4)

Here you select which binary outputs to use. You can also type in a name for each Binary output.

Max settings These are the maximum values that will be generated.

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Connect - menu

In the connect submenu you can write information on how to connect the test equipment to the relay. This information will be saved together with the object. This means that the connection information is ready next time you shall test this object.

Tip! You can copy text and pictures from another program e.g. Word and paste it into the Connect page. Use the normal copy and paste commands.


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Reclose – menu

In this Reclose menu you can run up to 14 states in a row and with settable duration for each state. You can choose between Impedance plane and Vector diagram for each state.

Number of states Set the number of states you will generate

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Application example – Distance relay with synchrocheck function

State

Generator settings

Uref Duration (ms)

State settings/Impedance By using Impedance you can set the type of fault and your impedance values. You can either type the values or use the mouse and click in the Impedance plane for your test point. You can also choose what state that should be your reference time (the clock will start counting from 0 in this state). If you are testing relays with synchrocheck function you can use Uref. For Uref it’s possible to change amplitude, phase angle and frequency.

State settings/Vector By using Vector you can set the type of fault the same way as in the General instrument. Type in your values, it’s easier if you use the relation function. You can also choose what state that should be your reference time (the clock will start counting from 0 in this state). If you are testing relays with synchrocheck function you can use Uref. For Uref it’s possible to change amplitude, phase angle and frequency.

Binary inputs Trip

1

Vector diagram, prefault values such as normal load conditions

used 10000

2

Impedance diagram, fault values in zone 1

used 2000

3

Circuit breaker opening time. Impedance diagram, fault values in zone 1

used 20-40

4

Vector diagram, zero state (line not energized)

used 200-500

5

Vector diagram, used 2000 only voltage applied and with the same amplitude, phase angle and frequency as U ref

6

Circuit breaker used 60-150 closing time. Vector diagram, only voltage applied and with the same amplitude, phase angle and frequency as U ref

7

Vector diagram, postfault conditions such as normal load.

AR

close

close

For verification of the synchrocheck function run this test and change the settings for Uref in state no. 5. You can otherwise add a couple of states instead of state no. 5, first with Uref outside the limits (amplitude, phase angle and frequency) and then for each state closer and closer to the limits.


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13 Auto 300 instrument Basic The AUTO300 is an instrument where you can create an automatic sequence without any knowledge in programming. You simply “Add test” or “Add info” to a list. The tests are normally tests that you have run before in one of the other instruments e.g. General. The “Info” can be a normal Word file or any other file e.g. an EXE-file or an XLS-file to open up an Excel application.

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Add Test

Step

1. Click “Add Test” and browse to the test directory. There will be a FREJA icon on each test directory. 2. In the “Test name” field you can fill in the name that will be shown on the test Tab. 3. Select the “Type of test”, this means which tab in the instrument you want to run, e.g. “RX” in the “Distance” instrument.

This shows the actual number of the “Tab”.

Tests This shows the number of “Tabs” in the test.

Pause after test Check this box if you want FREJA to stop and make a pause after the test.

Add Info 1. Click “Add Info”, browse to the file to open. Note, normally this is a word processor file e.g. a doc-file from Word. But it can be any file, this means you can open up any other program if you want. 2. The name of the “Tab” will be “Information”, but you can click “Edit” and change “Test name” to write an other name on the “Tab”

Note! See “Advanced settings”, “Add info using external path” below in this section.

Edit 1. Select the “Tab” you want to edit, and click “Edit”.

Delete 1. Select the “Tab” you want to delete, and click “Delete”.

View Connect tab before start Check this box if you want to view the “Connect tab” before the test starts.

Edit Notes after test Check this box if you want to write any comments in the “Notes tab” after the test.

Execute Manually Click this button to open up the selected test, either just to look at it or to make any changes in the test. This can e.g. be to change the reference graph or to change any other settings.

From, To When you click the “Start” button, the test will run From this “Tab” To this “Tab”. This is also used when you print a report. The printout will be From To.

Copy You can use “Copy” instead of “Add Test” if you want to use the same test directory, by use an other tab in this instrument. 1. Select the “Tab” to copy 2. Click “Copy” 3. The new “Tab” will now be placed in the end of the list.

Move up, Move Down With these buttons you can move the position of the selected “Tab”.


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Start Here you start the test which will run “From – To” (se above). Each instrument will now start up and a “Test info” slide bar will be shown. If you want to stop the complete test, click “Stop” here. If you only want to stop the actual test, click the “Stop” button in the instrument.

Note! There is no Preview for AUTO300 tests. You can however look at the result for a specific test if you click the “Execute manual” button.

/Fail Each test will be indicated with these icons: Fail Not tested If any of the tests will fail, “/Fail” will show a Fail icon.

Print This will open the Print dialogue, where you can select: • Design – design the first page in the AUTO300 report. For more info how to do, see section “Quick guide for report generator”. • Info – edit the report information on the first page of the AUTO300 report (Station name, Relay etc.). • Print – this will start the printout. The printout range will be From – To (see above). • Configuration – configure your printout

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Report configuration

Under “File” in the “Auto300” instrument you find “Report configuration”. Here you select the report templates for each instrument. You can also select to include header page(s) which is the first page with the information about name of the Station, Relay etc.


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Advanced settings

Delay after test Here you specify the delay after your own program. The time is set in seconds. If you set 0 = No delay.

Extra parameter Here you can send an extra parameter. This can be useful if your own program needs special command lines (switches). Example “/read only”

Max wait time If your external program not closes you can close it automatically after a max time that you can set here. The time is set in seconds. If you set 0 = infinite time.

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Max wait action

Stop if fail

If your external program not closes. 0 = noting, 1 = Send ALT+F4, 2 = Try 1 then Abort task.

Click this button if you want the test to stop if a test has failed.

No clear before test start Normally the previous test result are deleted when you start a new test. 0 = Delete, 1 = Do not delete.

Hide progress indicator for this test 0 = Not hide, 1 = Hide.

Hide progress indicator for all tests 0 = Not hide, 1 = Hide.

Run only failed and untested tests When this button is clicked, only failed and untested tests will be run. The report will contain all tests, including the ed one.

Edit sendkeys With this button you can control the keyboard commands in the program (normally if you select to start an external program). This means you can control the program e.g. change setting or anything as long as you use the keyboard.

Syntax for SendKeys Keywords

Stop action Possible to make a loop 0 = Stop, 1 = Restart from step 1, 2 = Restart from step 2...

If the line begins with: Delay

nnnn

Delay nnnn milliseconds

SendKeys

xxxx

The string xxxx will be sent to the application

SetCharDelay nnnn

Append to logfile Normally all steps are written in a logfile (AUTO30.LOG) 0 = Erase before start, 1 = Append to logfile (this will grow for every start….)

External info path With the “Add info” button you can start up another program. This program is normally copied into the test file, wich is good if the test is run from another computer.This computer do not need to have the same program or file installed. But on the other hand this will increase the size of the test file. In this field you can insert the path to the specific file to use if you do not want the file to be copied into the testfile.

Add info using external path When this button is clicked, the test will use a link to the “External info path” described above. If the button is not clicked the “Add info” will use a copy of the program or file used in “Add info”.


A delay of nnnn milliseconds will be done after each character (if no “(“ or “{“ in the string).

• One or several <Space> or characters after the “keyword” (Delay, SendKeys, SetCharDelay) can be used. • Each key is represented by one or more characters. • To specify a single keyboard character, use the character itself. • To represent more than one character, append each additional character to the one preceding it. Comments A line which start with a or <Space> will be ignored. Can be used as comments. Special keys (code used in SendKeys xxxx string) To specify characters, such as <ENTER> or , that are not displayed when you press a key and keys that represent actions rather than characters, use the codes shown in the following table: Key

Code

Escape key

{ESC}

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BACKSPACE

{BACKSPACE}, {BS}, or {BKSP}

{LEFT 35}

Left arrow 35 times

BREAK

{BREAK}

{+}

The + button (only + is the ALT key!)

CAPS LOCK

{CAPSLOCK}

{{}

The { button

DEL or DELETE {DELETE} or {DEL}

{F4}

The function key F4

DOWN ARROW {DOWN}

{TAB}

The tab key

END

{END}

{UP}

The “up arrow” key

ENTER

{ENTER}or ~

{DEL}

The delete key

ESC

{ESC}

{PGDN}

The “page down” key

HELP

{HELP}

{ENTER}

The enter key

HOME

{HOME}

INS or INSERT {INSERT} or {INS} LEFT ARROW

{LEFT}

NUM LOCK

{NUMLOCK}

PAGE DOWN

{PGDN}

PAGE UP

{PGUP}

PRINT SCREEN {PRTSC} RIGHT ARROW {RIGHT} SCROLL LOCK {SCROLLLOCK} TAB

{TAB}

UP ARROW

{UP}

F1 ...

{F1}

F12

{F12}

Example of Sendkey file Next line will give 0.3 seconds delay after each character send to the application (makes it more visible). SetCharDelay 300 Next line will “Press right arrow key 5 times” SendKeys {RIGHT}{RIGHT}{RIGHT}{RIGHT}{RIGHT} Next line will type the number 25 SendKeys 25 Next line will press <Enter> SendKeys {ENTER} Next line will press + (close the window) SendKeys %{F4}

Note! Comments must have an indent to prevent them from being interpreted as code.

Combination of keys

Workflow

To specify keys combined with any combination of the <SHIFT>, , and keys, precede the key code with one or more of the following codes.

1. Make sure you are placed on the desired Tab you want to assign the SendKey file to. 2. Click the “File”, “Edit Advanced settings for this test” 3. Click the “SendKey” button 4. A template will open up, you can delete all and write your own file based on the keywords described above. 5. Close the editor. It will be saved together with the specific test. This will be automatically started when this test is run (until you delete it).

Key

Code

SHIFT

+

CTRL

^

ALT

%

The plus sign (+), caret (^), percent sign (%), tilde (~), and parentheses (( )) have special meanings to SendKeys. To specify one of these characters, enclose it in braces ({}). For example, to specify the plus sign, use {+}. Brackets ([ ]) have no special meaning to SendKeys, but you must enclose them in braces. To specify brace characters, use {{} and {}}. Example of special codes Code

Explanation

+(FX) and X

Holding down shift while pressing F

%FX

Alt F and then X (without alt)

^X

Control X

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14 Transient instrument Basic

The Transient instrument is used to generate transient waveforms from a disturbance recorder.

Note! Transient instrument is not included in the FREJA Win standard package, you need an optional SW-key to be able to run it.

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Config – menu Fixed frequency You can select “NONE”, “50”, “60”,“16 2/3” Hz. This is only used for the prefault or post fault states when you select “Sine”. You must select fixed frequency as “NONE” if you want to set the frequency yourself.

External sync (GPS)

Connect – menu In the connect submenu you can write information on how to connect the test equipment to the relay. This information will be saved together with the object. This means that the connection information is ready next time you shall test this object.

Tip! You can copy text and pictures from another program e.g. Word and paste it into the Connect page. Use the normal copy and paste commands.

The box ”External sync (GPS)” should be checked if you want make End-to-end testing using two (or more) FREJAs. You can use the optional GPS-100 receiver from Programma or any other GPS receiver that give a 5 V TTL-signal on a specified time. If the FREJAs are close to each other, you can also apply an external signal (5 V pulse) on a cable connected to the FREJAs.

Generators In the drop down menu you can select “AC”, “DC” or “OFF”. This is only used for the prefault or post fault states when you select “Sine”. It is possible to set a maximum generated value in the right fields.

BI (1 – 5) & BI (6 – 10) Here you select which binary inputs to use in the 1-5 group and the 6-10 group. You can also type in a name for each Binary input e.g. Trip. You select sense or voltage sense with the button.

BO Select which binary outputs to use. You can also type in a name for each Binary output.


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Converter – menu

Converter Before you can generate the transient file with FREJA you must convert it into a format that FREJA can understand. It will be converted to SDF files (Sample Data Files). Select the converter you want to use. Name

Works with files

Comtrade

.DAT and .CFG

Ascii

.DAT

Emtp

.PL4

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Comtrade Comtrade is probably the most used converter. The file can be in an Ascii or binary format. To convert a Comtrade file you need the following information and files: • DAT file, contains the data. • CFG file, contains the channel list and sampling frequency. The CFG and DAT files must be stored in the same directory.

How to convert 1. Select the file you want to convert.

Note! For Comtrade, the CFG and DAT files must be stored in the same directory. 2. Select field number for the generators.

• CT and VT ratio for the recorded data. This is the ratio between the data in the file and the output FREJA shall generate. Sometimes the values for the voltage are in kVolt sometimes in Volt. This means it can e.g. be a conversion factor of 385 to 110 or 385 000 to 110.

Ascii Ascii format is normally a text file. The columns represent the different generators and the lines represent each sample (up to 2000). The text file must only contain numbers with data. If the text file contains additional text information as in the picture below (the text marked), you can use a normal text editor to delete it. Then save it with extension DAT.

You can also use Excel to create your own data file. Insert the data in 6 columns (one for each generator) and max 2000 lines. Save it as text file. Use Explorer to rename it with extension DAT.


3. In the window, click the button , to look at the waveform before converting. Now you can see the waveform. If the values to generate seem too big (if the lines are dashed on the waveform, you have reached the maximum values), this is probably because you have not filled in the conversion factors for the file (normally the CT and VT ration). But it might also mean that you need to connect an external current amplifier.

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The conversion factors can some times be in kV already in the file, as in this case for a 385.000/ 110 V. Then you set 385 V in the input instead of 385 000 V

4. Click the button and you will see a waveform without any dashed lines. The white field is the field that will be converted. You can increase or decrease it with the mouse 5. Finally click the “CONVERT” button.

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Sequence – menu

Result Graphic 1. Click the icon “a graphic presentation…” in the toolbar to show the graphical result.

1. Select if you want to generate Sinewave or Transient for each state. If you select “Transient“ you browse for the SDF-file you have converted. If you want to set a postfault, go to state 2 and select “Sine“. 2. If you want to change the SDF-file you must click the “import an SDF-file” icon in the toolbar.

Note! You can mix Sine and Transient waveforms as you like. Example state 1 Sine, state 2 Transient, state 3 Sine, state 4 Transient,…..But the Transient waveform is always the same, it can only load one SDF-file, but it can be used in different states.

Table 1. Click the BI-list icon in the toolbar to view the result as a table.

3. You can look at the waveform before you generate it by clicking the “binoculars” icon, “show the sequence to be generated”. 4. Set up the binary goal. 5. Click ”START“ to generate the sequence.


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15 AUTO21 instrument Basic

Config – menu

The AUTO21 converts FREJA RTS 11, 21, 21D and FREJA 300 DOS testplans to FREJA 300 Windows. This will make it possible to run and printout in a windows environment.

Note! AUTO21 is not included in the FREJA Win standard package, you need an optional SW-key to be able to run it. A testplan converted with AUTO21 can not run with FREJA RTS11, 21, 21D or FREJA 300 DOS. The AUTO21 test can only be used with FREJA 300/FREJA Win.

Edit testplans You must edit the testplans in FREJA RTS11, 21, 21D or FREJA 300 DOS. It is not possible to edit the testplans in AUTO21.

Note! Normally you do not need to change anything on the Config page.

Test conditions “Make a PAUSE between the tests” When this is marked the program will stop and make a pause after each test is ready. This can be good if you want to look at the graphical picture before you continue with next test. “Do not show the INFO part between tests” If this is marked the program will not show the info form (Type I) between the tests. “Stop if Goal” For T-POINT test. If this is marked the program will stop generate at BI-GOAL, if it is NOT marked it will continue to generate until Tmax (from the tgrfile). By default it is marked otherwise it will heat up thermal relay too much. “Stop after first FAIL” If this is marked the program will stop after the first test is failed. “Restart the selected test if FAIL” If this is marked the program will rerun a test that fail until the test is OK. The report will contain only the last test.

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Connect – menu This page is used to describe how to connect etc. Normally this is already described in the DOS testplans.


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TestPlan – menu

To convert the FREJA DOS testplan. 1. Click the button

to import the test.

2. Select the Testplan (normally the level below USEDDUT). 3. Click “OK”. The conversion will take place.

Test conditions • Start from the beginning • Start from selected position • Selected only

Note! These conditions are valid also for printout, e.g. “Selected only” will print only the selected test group.

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Start 1. Select “Test conditions” 2. Click “START”. The test will run the same way as with FREJA DOS. When a form opens up read it and if nessesary write comments. 3. Close it with by clicking the window “X”.

View results When the test is ready you can view the results. 1. Click on a specific test group. The graphical picture will then be shown for this group. If any testpoint fails it will be marked with a red square otherwise a green circle. 2. To look at the result in a tabular form, click on the BI-list icon in the toolbar.


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Complete report 1. Select “Test conditions”, e.g. “Selected only” will print only the selected test. 2. Click the printer icon to get a complete report of all test groups. If a testpoint has failed it will be marked with a “F”.

Note! If you select “Monochrome” in the “Info” the printout will be in greyscale

Save 1. Close “Auto 21”. 2. Go back to the Control Center. 3. Click ”Save test”, check the information for the report header. This means you store the result and can run the test again without converting.

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Note! A testplan converted with AUTO21 can not run with FREJA RTS11, 21, 21D or FREJA 300 DOS. The AUTO21 test can only be used with FREJA 300/FREJA Win. You must edit the testplans in FREJA RTS11, 21, 21D or FREJA 300 DOS. It is not possible to edit the testplans in AUTO21.




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16 Reference graph Reference graph – Toolbar New

Clear tolerances Clear tolerance curves

Create a new reference graph

Copy zone

Open

Save

Copying a zone (This is useful since most of the zones have equal shapes and angles)

Open a reference graph

Save a reference graph

Display all zones on/off

Paste zone Paste a zone that you have copied 1. Paste the zone, 2. Edit the values. If you have copied zone 1, change “Current zone #” to zone 2. Click with the left mouse button on the element you want to edit. Normally you only need to change the horizontal (R-axis) and the vertical (Xaxis).

Grid on/off About

Shows information on the reference graph

You can create a reference graph in four ways: Create zone

Adjust axis Click this button and move the origin using the mouse

Show tolerances Hide or show tolerances

Define zone order Change the zone order for the reference graph.

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• Manual method. Draw the lines, circle, lenses etc. by defining each element (a reference graph consists of several elements). • Semiautomatic method. Select among the list of sample reference graphs for distance relays in Freja (C:\PETOOL\FREJAWIN\REFGRAPH) and change the desired elements manually. • Fully automatic method. Calculate the reference graph automatically with the optional ProGraph (an application for Excel). Insert or import the setting values for the relay . This can be done more accurately by taking values from the selectivity plan. For this, you must have the software Excel installed on your PC. • Import a current vs. time reference graph from a text-file (.txt).



Make a reference graph Manual method 1. Click on the icon “Edit create reference graph” on the toolbar. This will open the “Reference graph editor” Recommended sequence for entering elements

Not permitted sequence for entering elements

A reference graph consists of several “elements”. You can make the reference graph in “counterclockwise” or “clockwise” direction, normally use counter-clockwise. Normally you shall use the correct angle. This means if you select 0 degrees this will point in right direction, if you select 180 degrees this will point in left direction. The direction will be shown, at the second line, as a red line, you can change the direction clicking the button,

You can select different types of elements (LINE, CIRCLE, LENS etc.) using the icons to the left or in the “Element” box. LINE: Defined as an angle and a point on horizontal or vertical axis.

Note! It is very important to create the zones in the correct order for the reference graph. However it is possible to change the zone order by clicking the button


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CIRCLE: Can be defined this in two ways: 1) Alpha, “a” and “b” or 2) Alpha and Radius. The circle can then also be moved with an offset named “corr” along Alpha.

ARC VIA 0: This is used if you want an arc, which goes through the origin. Define it with “VER” and “HOR”. (e.g. for a RAZOA).

This is used for e.g. Mho-characteristics. Define Alpha and Radius (reach/2).

LENS: Define this with Alpha, “a”, “b” and “d”.

CIRCLE VIA 0: This is used if you want a circle, which goes through the origin. Define it with ”VER” and “HOR”.

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INVERSE: These are different types of inverse characteristics for e.g. overcurrent relays. There are several different types specified in the IEEE, IEC, ABB RI (on ABB RI k = s/10), ABB IDG, US IEEE C37.112 -1996 and ANSI C37.112. All of these can be defined as follows:

Example 1 If we want to create a reference graph like this:

Start with the first element 1:

1. Select “Line” as the Element 2. Set “Alpha” to 315, press <Enter> 3. Click “Save element”

Second element 2: 4. Set “Alpha” to 75, press <Enter> 5. Set “Hor” to 4, press <Enter 6. Click “Save element” Third element 3: 7. Set “Alpha” to 180, press <Enter> 8. Set “Ver” to 3, press <Enter> 9. Click “Save element” Fourth element 4: 10.Set “Alpha” to 255 or 75 press <Enter>


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11.If you selected 75 you can add 180 degrees by clicking the button “New-> Previous” the direction is shown as the red part of the line.

12.Set “Hor” to -2, press <Enter> 13.Click “Save element” 14.Click “Create zone” Now the first zone is ready, normally the other zones have the same angles, but other values on horizontal and vertical axis. To make the second zone you can start from No.1 again, but we can instead copy the first zone and paste it as second zone and then edit it. In this way it is very easy to make the other zones. Second zone 1. Mark the zone to copy by clicking on it (some line becomes red). 2. Click the Copy icon on the toolbar 3. Click Paste icon on the toolbar 4. Click on the element to edit (e.g. element no 2), the line becomes red. 5. Change the value on “Hor” to e.g. 5. 6. Move to next element by clicking on it, or use the arrows in “Edit element”. 7. Change the value on “Ver” to 4. 8. Move to next element with the arrow. 9. Change the value on “Hor” to –3. Now the second zone is ready. Third zone Mark the second zone by clicking on it, copy and paste, make the changes the same way as for zone 2.

Start with the first zone: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Select “Circle” as the Element Set Radius to 2 (half of Z1), press <Enter> Set Alpha to 80, press <Enter> Click “Save element” Click “Create zone” (since this zone is only one element) Second zone: 6. Click on the circle in the oscilloscope (gets red) 7. Click the “Copy” icon 8. Click “Paste” 9. Change Radius for zone 2 to 3 (half of Z2) Third zone:

Example 2 Mho characteristic Setting of the relay Z1=4 Z2=6 Z3=8 Phi=80

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10.Click on zone 2 in the oscilloscope (gets red) 11.Click the “Copy” icon 12.Click “Paste” 13.Change Radius for zone 3 to 4 (half of Z3) Now the Mho reference graph is ready.

Save Save the reference graph by clicking the diskette icon on the toolbar. Exit the program and you will come back to the instrument program you started from and the reference graph will follow. When you exit the instrument program the reference graph will be saved together with the object. If you already have made a reference graph for the object you can directly point out them if you click the

“Import a refgraph” icon in the toolbar.

Tolerances You can show the tolerance lines for the reference graph in RX-Ramp and RX, by marking this:

The program will get the tolerance values from ”Config” page and put them into the graph in the respective zone. This is done in the same zone order as the graph was made. To change the zone orders do the following. 1. Select “Define zone order” in the “Refgraph” menu. 2. Click in the zones in the right order: zon 1, zon 2, zon 3 and so on.

Semiautomatic method Make a selection from the list of relays in Freja (C:\PETOOLS\FREJAWIN\REFGRAPH) and change some elements manually. 1. Select one of the relay types in the list e.g. REL511. 2. Select LN one phase fault (ohms/loop) or LL 2-phase (ohms/phase). For some relays, however, you must select a special LLL (ohms/phase) for 3-phase faults. 3. Change the scale and origin so that you can see the complete reference graph. 4. Click on the element you want to edit (the selected element will get a red colour) and change the value e.g. the “Hor” or “Ver” value. 5. Click on next element or use the arrow buttons in the “Edit element” area. 6. Change the value in the “Inputs” area. 7. Select next zone to edit. 8. Save the graphs.

Fully automatic method With the optional software ProGraph for Excel you can select the type of relay e.g. REL511. 1. Insert the setting values for the relay.


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2. Select where to save and click the “Create reference graph” button. Excel will now calculate the elements for the reference graph and it will be ready for use.

Import from a text-file You can import a current vs. time reference graph from a text-file (.txt). The file shall have two columns, the left for current and the right for time (in seconds). 1. Select “File”, “Import”. 2. Select the txt-file to import.

Tip! You can create the file in Excel and save it as a txt-file. Note! You must not have any text or comments in the beginning of the text-file. If you want to change the settings of the imported reference graph, you must create a new txt-file and make a new import.

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17 Report To make reports you use different templates depending on from which instrument you make the report. Reports can contain a summary page, tables and graphical pictures of the result. There are also templates with only summary or only summary and tables. The templates are different types of list files (LST-files). You can edit the templates your self, some parts is quite easy to edit some parts is not that easy.

Change logotype Exchange the file logo.bmp in C:\PETOOLS\REPORT This is normally the only change of the templates you need to do. To do some more changes yourself is possible but it will take more time. Read the separate manual from List & Label for more information.

How to make a printout. Click the “Report” icon on the toolbar.

3. Click on “Info” to edit the report information or to change to monochrome printout. 4. Select a printer (if no printer is connected select a printer that have LPT1 as the port, even if no printer is physically connected to LPT1), and click ”Start”.

Print on paper Preview on screen 1. Click the Report button and you will see this picture:

1. Click the “Report” button. 2. Click on “Info” to edit the report information or to change to monochrome printout. 3. Click “Print”. 4. Select printer and click “Start”.

2. Click “Preview” and you will see a picture like this:

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Send the report via E-mail

Note! If you get problems sending the file, check the settings in “Control ”, “Internet”, Properties”, “Programs”, “Email”. You can send the report directly via E-mail. The receiver does not need to have the Freja Win installed, you just attach a viewer to the E-mail. 1. Select the report to send. 2. Click the “Send to...” icon in the “Preview” window. The report-file will now be attached to the mail. 3. The first time you send a report you must attach a viewer as well (if the receiver does not have the Freja Win software). Select the file “LLVIEW6.EXE” that should be located in C:\PETOOLS\REPORT\. 4. When the mail receiver has installed the viewer the report will be shown like this:


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Templates (LST-files)

Transducer

Depending on from which instrument program you make the reports there will be different templates (LST-files) to select, here is a description of the different templates.

TRANSD.LST Full report template with summary page, tables and graphics.

General GENERAL.LST This template contains tables and summary, no graphical pictures. GENERALL.LST This template contains tables and summary, no graphical pictures. Paper size landscape.

Distance DISTANCE.LST This template contains the full report with summary page, tables and graphical pictures. From RX there is however no graphical picture. TABLES03.LST This template contains the full report with summary page and tables.

Note! The printout is not working if there is no printer driver installed. You can also get problem if the selected printer is a network printer and the PC is not connected to the net. This is quite natural that you can’t make printouts on paper without a connected printer, but this is however also valid for Print Preview. To solve this select a local printer (even if there is no local printer connected) when you make Print Preview.

Sync ASYNC.LST Full report template with summary page, tables and graphics. TABLES01.LST Tables and summary template.

Current CURRENT.LST Full report template with summary page, tables and graphics. TABLES02.LST Tables and summary template.

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Evaluation of reports

On the first page in the report from Distance, the summary page, you can see if the test was or FAIL. is indicated with a “ƒ” FAIL is indicated with “FAIL” “- -” means not tested.

In the tables: is indicated with a “ƒ” FAIL is indicated with “F”. In Zt there can also be a “X”, this means time out, no trip within the defined time. In the graphical: Fail is indicated with a red ring around the test point. Programma Electric AB ZP-CF02E R07A

Note! If this test point is on the border between two zones in Zt, this is normally not a fault of the relay. The reason is that the time is not that stable close to the borders. If you want you can go back to ZT and mark this point with the left mouse button (blue mark), click with right mouse button and select Remove test point.

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Batch report To make an automatic print out of several tests. 1. Click the button “Batch report”. 2. You will now have a screen like this (see below).

There are three different ways to define the tests that you want to make report of. 3a.Search for all tests – from one part of the directory tree, and down. 3b.Search for all tests within a specific date range – from one part of the directory tree, and down. 3c. Select and mark the test-files using the mouse.

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Search for all tests – from one part of the directory tree, and down 1. Make sure that the Freja Win is in “Off-line” mode. Each report will start up the used instrument and this will be faster if Freja Win is in “Off-line” mode. 2. The reports will be printed on the printer selected as the default printer in Windows. If the printer is a colour printer make sure you have not marked “Monochrome printer” in the “Control center”, “Configuration”. 3. Click on the directory you want to start the search from. You can make the window a bit wider and easier to see the tree structure by dragging the right edge with the mouse. 4. Click “Check all”. Each FREJA test, which will be reported, will now be marked “4”. You can see how many tests found, up in the left corner. If you click on this “bar” and then press an“ arrow key” (left or right) on the keyboard, you can toggle between the tests. The selected test is indicated with “an open FREJA icon”. The description of each selected test is shown in the “Test info view” (if you have filled them in). 5. You can unmark a test or more, if you do not want to report it/them. Click on these tests with the mouse, or use the “Uncheck all” button if you have selected the wrong part of the directory. Each instrument will use the shown report templates. 6. Fill up the printer with paper. 7. Click “Start print” to print all. You can see how many reports that have been printed on the “bar” up in the left corner.

Search for all tests within a specific date range 1. Make sure that the Freja Win is in “Off-line” mode. Each report will start up the used instrument and this will be faster if Freja Win is in “Off-line” mode.


2. The reports will be printed on the printer selected as the default printer in Windows. If the printer is a colour printer make sure you have not marked “Monochrome printer” in the “Control center”, “Configuration”. 3. Click on the directory you want to start the search from. You can make the window a bit wider and easier to see the tree structure by dragging the right edge with the mouse. 4. Mark “Enable date selection”. 5. Define Start and stop date. 6. Click “Scan for date”. Each FREJA test, which will be reported, will now be marked “4”. You can see how many tests found up in the left corner. If you click on this “bar” and then press an” arrow key” (left or right) on the keyboard, you can toggle between the tests. The selected test is indicated with “an open FREJA icon”. The description of each selected test is shown in the “Test info view” (if you have filled them in). 7. You can unmark a test or more, if you do not want to report it/them. Click on these tests with the mouse, or use the “Uncheck all” button if you have selected the wrong part of the directory. Each instrument will use the shown report templates. 8. Fill up the printer with paper. 7. Click “Start print” to print all. You can see how many reports that have been printed on the “bar” up in the left corner.

Select and mark the testfiles using the mouse 1. Click on the tests you want to report. Each instrument will use the shown report template 3. Fill up the printer with paper 4. Click “Start print” to print all. You can see how many reports that have been printed on the “bar” up in the left corner.

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Save a report as a text file When you want to have the report as a text-file. 1. Run the test as normal and close the instrument 2. Save the test as normal as a directory. A “Result.txt” is now created in that directory. Below is an example of a report text file.

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18 Application examples Testing distance and impedance protection relays

5. Select “Current Direction” L1 > NI or NI > L1, press spacebar to change. 6. Set “No. of Zones” to be tested (1-6). 7. Set time margins and tolerance for each zone according to the relay settings. 8. Set “Prefault Settings”. For instance normal load impedance at the tested object. 9. Set “Max. Fault Settings” of the generators depending of your relay settings. 10. Select “BI 1” (binary input) and name it, e.g. “Trip”, select sense or voltage .

Test of operating function < Z + time delay in RX-ramp and ZT

Test hook-up and initial settings Connect for testing as shown in the figure above . 1. Connect the FREJA 300 voltage and current outputs to the protective relay equipment. You can use either the multicable (voltage and current) or the voltage and current outputs plugs. 2. Connect the binary input No.1 at FREJA 300 to the trip output from the relay. 3. Connect your computer to the RS232 marked PC at the rear of FREJA 300. Start FREJA Distance software. 1. Go to the “Config” menu. 2. Select “Frequency”, 50 or 60 Hz. 3. Select “Network Model” (default = 3PZSTD2A), see section Distance instrument, Network model for more information. 4. Select “Time” measurement in ms or cycles.

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Figure shows a distance protection with quadrilateral characteristic.

Test of impedance characteristic 1. Go to menu “RX Ramp”. 2. Select BI1 “Trip” as goal. 3. Import or create reference graph for 1-, 2and 3-phase faults. Adjust scale if necessary. 4. Select what kind of phase faults you will test and then create ramps. To test a relay with characteristic as shown in figure above set for instance: Programma Electric AB ZP-CF02E R07A


start at 0° stop at 360° phi 90° 5. Click the “START” button. Let the test run and then see if it’s (green) or fail (red). Impedance and time difference margins from “Config” menu.

Test of operating time 1. Go to menu “ZT”. 2. Select BI1 “Trip” as goal. 3. Select what kind of phase fault you will test, adjust time and impedance scale. 4. Set “Z” phi to line angle, normally 60 - 80°. 5. Adjust the scale. 6. Click the “START” button. Let the test run and then see if it’s (green) or fail (red). Impedance and time difference margins from the “Config” menu.

Test of operating function < Z + time delay in RX-ramp and ZT

3. Import or create reference graph for 2- and 3-phase faults. Adjust scale if necessary. 4. Select what kind of phase faults you will test and then create ramps. To test a relay with characteristic as shown in figure above set for instance: start at 70° stop at 90° phi 10° 5. Click the “START” button. Let the test run and then see if it’s (green) or fail (red). Impedance and time difference margins from “Config” page.

Test of operating time 1. Go to menu “ZT”. 2. Select BI1 “Trip” as goal. 3. Select what kind of phase faults you will test, adjust time and impedance scale. 4. Set “Z” phi to “line” angle, normally 60 – 80°. 5. Click the “START” button. Let the test run and then see if it’s (green) or fail (red). Impedance and time difference margins from “Config” menu.

Test of operating time (alternative to Zt) 1. Go to the “RX” menu. 2. Select “RN” and double click to set minimum one point in the center of each zone. 3. Select “RS”, set one point in each zone. 4. Select “RST”, set one point in each zone. 5. Select “Automatic”. 6. Click “Start” The results will be shown in the BI-list or in the report.

Figure show protection with MHO characteristic.

Test of impedance characteristic 1. Go to menu “RX Ramp”. 2. Select BI1 “Trip” as goal.


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Testing of autoreclose function in distance and impedance protection relays

Config menu

1. Select amplitude of reference voltage (phase angle is 0°) if necessary.

2. Set off delay, normal circuit breaker opening time.

Test hook-up and initial settings for 3-phase autoreclosing

3. Set frequency 162/3, 50 or 60 Hz.

Connect for testing as shown in the above diagram. 1. Connect the FREJA voltage and current outputs to the protective relay equipment. You can use either the multicable (voltage and current) or the voltage and current outputs plugs. 2. Connect the binary input No. 1 at FREJA to the trip output and binary input 2 to the reclose output from the relay. 3. If necessary connect reference voltage, Freja U4-voltage, to the relay. Start FREJA General software, from database or Quick Start.

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4. Check generator settings (depending of your relay settings).



5. For test of 3-phase autoreclose, select binary inputs 1 and 2 and name them “Trip” and “Autoreclose”.

Sequence menu

6. Select or voltage sense. or 1. Select number of states (1-28). 7. Select binary output if you need any changes in breaker position during the sequence.

2. Select state 2.

Connect menu

3. Set duration.

4. Set your values (state 1 prefault), normal load conditions. Use this to add information about how to connect or test the relay.


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5. Set what kind of “goal” you want.

8. Set if necessary in witch state you need changes in circuit breaker position. In this example we had order a change after 50 ms in state 3.

6. Generate and set your goals like below, for every state you have to repeat point 2 to 5.

State Generator settings Trip

Autoreclose

Time (ms)

1

Prefault values, normal load condition

2000

2

Fault values, trip will close stop this sequence

2000

3

Fault values, circuit breaker opening time

4

0-state, autoreclose command will stop this sequence

5

0-state, circuit breaker closing time

6

Prefault values or another fault

9. Choose sequence and then click the “START” button to run the test.

50-100

close

2000

50-150

10.Look at the results from test sequence by clicking on the graphic display button.

7 8 9 10

7. Check that you only have set “Stop if Goal” in the last state. (If you marked “Stop if Goal” in some other state, the test will stop after goal in that state.)

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19 Calibration Basic Calibration of FREJA 300 is recommended once a year. To perform a calibration you use a calibration box. There are two models of the calibration box, the new called ”Calibration Box 2” and the old ”Calibration Box”.

Calibration using the Calibration Box 2 Important! Disconnect amplifiers during calibration.

Note! The Calibration box and FREJA 300 should be powered on at least 30 minutes before starting the calibration procedure. The ambient temperature should be 20 to 26°C (68 to 79°F) and stable during the calibration, ±1°C (±2°F).

Channels Ana Low 1. Connect the Calibration box as shown in the figure below.

The Calibration Boxes ”transfers” the accurate reference values for voltage, current and time into FREJA 300. Calibration using the Calibration boxes does not affect the CA3. CA3 must be calibrated separately, see the CA3 ’s manual. The Calibration box should be checked and calibrated once a year. This should be done at an authorized instrument workshop. For instructions see chapter ”Calibration Boxes”.

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2. Select “Calib” from the display main menu. 3. Select Calibration box, see pictures above.



4. Then select “Channels”.

Channels BI/BO

Recall

3. Connect two cables with banana s as shown below: L1U – ANAPUTS HIGH U NU – ANAPUTS COM

5. Select ”Ana.Low” (Analog low).

Ana.Low LU/LI Ana.High

6. Read the value for Uref from the calibration box label and set it into Freja 300. (Use the dial to make this.) 7. Set the code 2167 on the calibration box. 8. Press button ”Proceed”. 9. Wait until ”Analog I Low” is displayed. 10.Read the value for Iref from the calibration box label and set it into Freja 300. (Use the dial to make this.) 11.Set the code 0943 on the calibration box. 12.Press button ”Proceed”. 13.When the calibration is finished there will be an ”*” on the display.

* Ana.Low

LU/LI Ana.High

Note! If you get an Error message ”Unsuccessful calibration” on the display, run the calibration again and be sure to set the right code on the calibration box.

4. Press button . 5. When ”Analog I High” is displayed , change the connections as described on the display: L1I – ANAPUTS HIGH I NI – ANAPUTS COM 6. Press button .

7. When the calibration is finished there will be an ”*”over ”Ana.High” on the display.

* * * Ana.Low LU/LI Ana.High

LU/LI 1. Select LU/LI and follow the instructions on the display. 2. When the calibration is finished there will be an ”*”over LU/LI on the display.

* * Ana.Low LU/LI Ana.High

Ana.High 1. Disconnect the Calibration box. 2. Select “Ana.High” (Analog high).

Ana.Low

LU/LI Ana.High


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External amplifier

Binary inputs & outputs

Note! This calibration is not necessary if you do not use any external amplifiers e.g. CA1, CA3, Rogowski.

BI

1. Select “Ext.Amp” to calibrate the output for the external amplifier. 2. Connect the cables as shown below.

1. Connect two cables with banana s to ”Out” on the Calibration box and to ”BI1” red and ”BI1” black. Also connect ”BI1” to ”BI2” and ”BI3”. See figure below. 2. Connect the Calibration box to mains. 3. Select “BI/BO”.

Channels

BI/BO

Recall

4. Read the value for Time from the Calibration box label and set it into Freja 300. (Use the dial to make this.)

3. Follow the instructions on the display. When the calibration is finished there will be an “*” over “Ext.Amp on the display.

* Ana.Low

* * LU/LI Ana.High

4. Press button

* Ext.Amp

. 5. Press button . 6. Press the Start button on the Calibration box. 7. When the test is finished there will be three ”*” on the display.

*

*

*

8. If any of the ”BI/BO” has failed (due to bounces), press the button and run the test again. 9. Press button . 10.After testing BI, switch off and disconnect the calibration box. 140



BO

Recall factory calibration

1. Connect as shown below.

NOTE! This function is only used if you want to overwrite the calibration that you have done using the Calibration Box 2.

Channels BI/BO

2. Press button . 3. Wait until ”BO2 Calibration” is displayed. 4. Connect as shown below.

Recall

1. Press the button to recall the factory calibration. 2. Press button for ”Yes”.

5. Press button . 6. Wait until ”BO3 Calibration” is displayed. 7. Connect as shown below.

8. Press button . 9. Wait until ”BO4 Calibration” is displayed. 10.Connect as shown below.

11.Press button . 12.If any of the ”BI/BO” has failed (due to bounces), press the button and run the test again. 13.The calibration is finished, press to return to the Main menu.


141


Calibration using the Calibration Box Important! Disconnect amplifiers during calibration.

Note! The Calibration box and FREJA 300 should be powered on at least 30 minutes before starting the calibration procedure. The ambient temperature should be 20 to 26°C (68 to 79°F) and stable during the calibration, ±1°C (±2°F).

Channels Ana Low 1. Connect the Calibration box as shown in the figure below. 2. Select “Calib” from the display main menu. 3. Then select “Channels”.

Channels BI/BO

Recall

4. Select ”Ana.Low” (Analog low).

5. Read the value for Uref from the calibration box label and set it into Freja 300. (Use the dial to make this.) 6. Set the code 2167 on the calibration box. 7. Press button ”Proceed”. 8. Wait until ”Analog I Low” is displayed. 9. Read the value for Iref from the calibration box label and set it into Freja 300. (Use the dial to make this.) 10.Set the code 0943 on the calibration box. 11.Press button ”Proceed”. 12.When the calibration is finished there will be an ”*” on the display.

* Ana.Low LU/LI Ana.High

Note! If you get an Error message ”Unsuccessful calibration” on the display, run the calibration again and be sure to set the right code on the calibration box.

LU/LI 1. Select LU/LI and follow the instructions on the display. 2. When the calibration is finished there will be an ”*”over LU/LI on the display.

* * Ana.Low LU/LI Ana.High

Ana.Low LU/LI Ana. High

142



Ana.High

Binary inputs & outputs

1. Disconnect the Calibration box. 2. Select “Ana.High” (Analog high).

BI

Ana.Low

1a.Connect two cables with banana s to ”Out” on the Calibration box and to ”BI1” red and ”BI1” black. Also connect ”BI1” to ”BI2” and ”BI3”. See figure 1a below.

LU/LI Ana.High

3. Connect two cables with banana s as shown below: L1U – ANAPUTS HIGH U NU – ANAPUTS COM

4. Press button . 5. When ”Analog I High” is displayed , change the connections as described on the display: L1I – ANAPUTS HIGH I NI – ANAPUTS COM 6. Press button . 1b.An alternative is to connect to the ”Ext” connector on the rear . See figure 1b below.

7. When the calibration is finished there will be an ”*”over ”Ana.High” on the display.

* Ana.Low

* * LU/LI Ana.High

8. Press button

.


143


2. Select “BI/BO”.

Channels BI/BO

Recall

3. Read the value for Time from the Calibration box label and set it into Freja 300. (Use the dial to make this.) 5. Press button 6. Press the Start button on the Calibration box. 7. When the test is finished there will be three ”*” on the display.

*

*

8. Press button 9. Wait until ”BO4 Calibration” is displayed. 10.Connect as shown below.

*

8. If any of the ”BI/BO” has failed (due to bounces), press the button and run the test again. 9. Press button 10.After testing BI, switch off and disconnect the calibration box.

BO 1. Connect as shown below.

11.Press button 12.If any of the ”BI/BO” has failed (due to bounces), press the button and run the test again. 13.The calibration is finished, press to return to the Main menu.

Recall factory calibration NOTE! This function is only used if you want to overwrite the calibration that you have done using the Calibration Box.

Channels BI/BO 2. Press button 3. Wait until ”BO2 Calibration” is displayed. 4. Connect as shown below.

Recall

1. Press the button to recall the factory calibration. 2. Press button for ”Yes”.

5. Press button 6. Wait until ”BO3 Calibration” is displayed. 7. Connect as shown below.

144



Calibration Boxes Function check of the Calibration Box 2

Connect +150.0 V DC between Uout (red) and Uout (black). Code: 6567 DMM connect: Uref Value/ Tolerance: 6.05 V DC ±0.05 V 4. Transducer current Connect 10.0 A DC to Uout (black) and Iout (black). Remove jumper over Iout. Code: 8767 DMM connect: Uref Value/ Tolerance: 500 mV DC ±10 mV 5. Pulse time a) Place the jumper over Iout. b) Press the Start button on the Calibration Box 2. The lamp Out should make a short flash.

Calibration procedure for Calibration Box 2 The Calibration Box 2 should be function tested by the before sending away to calibration centre or to Programma for calibration.

Instruments for function check Digital Multi Meter (DMM) with V AC, V DC, A AC and A DC measurements. Accuracy 1% or better. Stable voltage and current source for 150 V DC and 10 A DC. (You can use a Freja 300, not necessarily newly calibrated.)

Checking steps If any step in the test fails, the Calibration Box 2 must be returned to Programma Electric for service. Power on the Calibration Box 2 at least five minutes before starting the function check. 1. Reference voltage Code: DMM connect: Value/ Tolerance:

2167 Uref 10.0 V DC ±0.1 V

2. Reference current Code: DMM connect: Value/ Tolerance:

0943 Iref 20.0 mA DC ±0.2 mA

Instruments and equipment for calibration All used instruments must have valid, traceable calibration. They should be warmed up and the offset calibrated according to respective guide. The accuracy of the instruments must be at least as stated below.

Precision multimeter U DC < 0.01% at 150 V, 10 V and 0.5 V readings I DC < 0.1% on 10 A range. (External shunt accuracy included.) Resolution: not less than 7½ digits. Overall temp: coefficient < 20ppm/°C.

Timer Accuracy: Resolution:

1 ms on 100 ms range 6 digits

High stability voltage and current source Voltage: Current:

150 V DC ±5 V DC 10 A DC ±0.5 A DC, 20 W

3. Transducer voltage


145


Precision resistance One piece 21 kΩ ±1%, 0.5 W Power on the Calibration Box 2 at lest 30 minutes before calibration. The ambient temperature should be 20 to 26°C (68 to 79°F) and stable during the calibration, ±1°C (±2°F). Connect the 21 kW precision resistance permanently in parallel across the Uref output.

NOTE! You should abort the calibration procedure if any measured value or tolerance (as stated below) is out of range. Return the Calibration Box 2 to Programma for service.

A. Reference Voltage (Range: 9.95 V to 10.05 V) 1. Set the Code to 2167. 2. Measure the voltage at Uref with not less than five decimals. 3. Write the measured value on the label rounded to four decimals.

B. Reference Current (Range: 19.90 mA to 20.10 mA) 1. Set the Code to 0943. 2. Set to mA range and activate zero offset on the DMM. 3. Measure the current at Iref, with a 50 Ω ±5% resistor in series with the DMM. 4. Write the measured value, on the label, rounded to four decimals.

D. Check the current transducer ratio (49.90 mV/A to 50.10 mV/A) 1. Set the Code to 8767. 2. Remove the jumper over Iout. 3. Connect a current of about 10 A DC to Iout (black) and Uout (black). Apply the current for not more than 20 seconds during a five minutes interval. 4. Measure the applied current with not less than four decimals. 5. Measure the voltage at Uref with not less than four decimals. Expected value for 10.000 A DC input is 500.00 mV DC. 6. Calculate the transducer ratio as Uref / Iin. Compare to the above tolerance range. 7. Replace the jumper over Iout.

E. Pulse time (Range: 249.90 ms to 250.10 ms) 1. Connect the timer to the banana terminals below the Out lamp. 2. Set the trig level to about 5 V DC or 25% amplitude, negative slope on the timer. 3. Press the Start button. 4. Read the pulse duration on the timer. Write the result, with two decimals, on the label. 5. Repeat the measurement. The pulse time should not vary more than ±5 µs.

Label

C. Check the voltage transducer ratio (Range: 1:24.784 to 1:24.835) 1. Set the Code to 6567. 2. Connect a DC-voltage of about 150 V to Uout (red, +) and Uout (black, -). 3. Measure the applied voltage with not less than four decimals. 4. Measure the DC voltage at Uref with not less than four decimals. Expected value for 150.00 V DC input is 6.0461 V DC. 5. Calculate the transducer ratio as Uref / Uout. Compare it to the above tolerance range.

146

Label that can be filled in and placed on the calibration box.



Calibration procedure for the Calibration Box

Temp. coeff. < 10 ppm/oC U DC < 0.001% I DC < 0.001% (e.g. WAVTEC 1281) Counter with resolution better than 100 ns (e.g. FLUKE PM 6681)

Calibration A. Voltage precision 1. Turn on the Calibration box and wait 5 minutes. 2. Set the Code to 2167. 3. Measure the voltage at U ref, with 21 kΩ load. 4. Note the results of step 3. The calibration box is to be tested in five steps at 23(±5)oC. A.Voltage precision B. Current generation C. Time-pulse generation D.Voltage divider resistance E. Shunt resistance Thumbwheel switch

The following codes are used for the thumbwheel: 2167

+10 V

6567

(150 V) measurement 7.5 V (approx. 1/20)

8767

(10 A) measurement 0.5 V (approx. 0.05 Ω)

0943

+20 mA

Nominal values for Calibration box Tolerance limit Uref

10 V

0.01% (1 mV)

Iref

20 mA

0.01% (2 µA)

Time

250 ms ±5 ms

0.1 ms

R Voltage divider

500 kΩ

0.1%

R Shunt

50 mΩ

0.1%

Measuring instruments for calibration

B. Current generation 1. Set the Code to 0943. 2. Measure the current at I ref, with 50 Ω load. 3. Note the results of step 2. C. Time-pulse generation 1. Connect a cable between Uref red and Out black 2. Connect a timer between Uref black and Out red. 3. Set code 2167. 4. Press Start. 5. Note the result with one decimal. (The value shall be between 245 and 255 ms). D. Check the resistance of the voltage divider 1. Set the Code to 6567. 2. Measure the resistance between U out red and U ref red. 3. The value should be 500 kΩ ±500 Ω E. Check the shunt resistance 1. Set the Code to 8767. 2. Measure the resistance between I out black and U ref red. 3. The value should be 250 mΩ ±50 mΩ

Volt ammeter The stability of the volt ammeter must be better than what is set forth above and it must operate within closer tolerance limits.


147


Label

Label that can be filled in and placed on the calibration box

148




149


20 Troubleshooting Training Problem

Remedy

You only get half the Select network model current for a 2- phase fault 3PZSTD2A which provides 1xI and 2xU The voltage obtained is twice what was set for a 2- phase fault

For information about training courses your local distributor or the Programma head office. You can also get some hints studying the Freja demo CD.

Select network model 3PZSTD1A which provides I/2 and 1xU

Correct DC voltage is not The load is too high for obtained at the separate FREJA 300's DC supply. DC output Connect an external DC supply

Communication problems PC – FREJA Fault No FREJA connected What to do Connect FREJA to PC, or keep on if you just want to work with the FREJA Win without the FREJA. Fault

FREJA was not ready with the start-up procedure What to do Wait until the start-up is ready and restart FREJA Win

Fault

The cable between FREJA and PC is not the correct type, it must be a straight cable, 1-1, 2-2, 3-3,….9-9 What to do Change cable

Fault FREJA was already in REMOTE MODE What to do Press <Esc> on FREJA a few times until REMOTE MODE disappear (if it doesn’t work use ON/OFF but wait until the start up procedure is ready), restart FREJA Win. Fault Communication problems between the PC and the Freja 300. What to do Check the serial cable between the PC and the Freja 300. Check the switch (7) on the front , it should be in position “FREJA”.

150




151


21 Specifications Generator Section

Timer/Measuring Section

Voltage outputs

Binary inputs

Range 4-phase AC 1-phase AC (L-L) DC (L-N)

4 x 150 V 2 x 300 V 180 V

Power 3-phase AC 1-phase AC (L-L) DC (L-N)

10 mV 6.5 mV

Accuracy4) (guaranteed)

±0.01% of range + 0.05% of reading.

Distortion (THD+N) 3)

0.02% typical (0.04% max)

1-phase AC

2)

DC (L-N)

50 µs

Galvanic isolation

Galvanically separated from the amplifier section. Two galvanically separated groups: 1 to 5 and 6 to 10

Max measuring time

15264 h (636 days)

Range 0 – 9.9 ms 10 ms – 60 minutes 1 h – 15264 h

Resolution 0.1 ms 1 ms 1s

3 x 15 A

Measuring range

±20 mA

1 x 45 A

Resolution; SW HW

0.1 µA 0.6 µA

Accuracy

0.01% typical, 0.03% guaranteed (= 6 µA)

15 A

Power 3-phase AC 2) 1-phase AC DC (L-N)

Internal resolution time

DC current measuring input, LOW

1)

3-phase AC

10 Inputs (2 groups of 5 independent) dry or wet s; 275 V DC, 240 V AC

3 x 82 VA at 150 V 1 x 140 VA at 300 V 87 W

Resolution; SW HW

Current outputs

Number

3 x 87 VA 1 x 250 VA 3 x 87 W

DC voltage measuring input, LOW Measuring range

±10 V

Resolution; SW HW

1 mA 0.65 mA

Resolution; SW HW

0.1 mV 0.3 mV

Accuracy4) (guaranteed)

±0.01% of range + 0.3% of reading

Accuracy

0.01% typical, 0.03% guaranteed (= 3 mV)

Distortion (THD+N)3)

0.1% typical (0.15% max)

AC/DC current measuring input, HIGH

Generators, general Frequency range Continuous signals DC – 2000 Hz Transient signals DC – 3.5 kHz

5)

Measuring range

±14 A DC, 10 A ACRMS

Accuracy

DC <0.1%, AC <0.3%

AC/DC voltage measuring input, HIGH

5)

Measuring range

±220 V DC, 150 V ACRMS

Frequency resolution

1 mHz

Accuracy

DC <0.05%, AC <0.2%

Frequency accuracy

0.01%

5)

Phase angle range

0 – 360°

Phase resolution

0.1°

Phase accuracy4)

±0.1°

Accuracy Voltage Current

4 mm banana connectors or 8-pin amplifier multiconnector

Binary outputs

Connection Amplifier outputs

50 or 60 Hz AC + harmonics only

Measurement, internal generated values AC/DC <1% ±1 digit AC/DC <2% ±2 digits

Number

2 x 4 (NO & NC)

All seven generators are continuously and independently adjustable in amplitude and phase. No switching of range is necessary. All current and voltage outputs are fully overload- and short-circuit-proof and protected against external high voltage transient signals and overtemperature.

Type

zero-potential s, controlled via software

Break capacity AC

240 V AC, max 8 A, max load 2000 VA

Break capacity DC

275 V DC, max 8 A, max load 240 W

DC auxiliary voltage output

Low Level outputs (ROGOW)

Range

20 – 210 V DC

Output power

75 W at 210 V

152

Setting range LLU LLI

3 X 0...2 Vrms 3 X 0...3 Vrms



Max. output current 5 mA Accuracy <0.1% typ. (<0.2% guaranteed) Resolution 250 µV Distortion (THD+N)3 <0.05% typ. (<0.1% guaranteed) Max generating time

5 minutes

General Power requirements Voltage

90 – 264 V AC single phase

Frequency

47 – 63 Hz

Power consumption

600 VA typical (1200VA max)

Weight

15 kg (33.1 lbs)

Dimensions

450 x 160 x 410 mm (17.7 x 6.3 x 16.1")

Environmental conditions Operating temperature

0 to +50°C (+32 to +113°F)

Storage temperature

-40 to +70°C (-40 to +158°F)

Humidity

IEC 721-3-1 1987, IEC 721-3-2 1985, IEC 721-3-3 1987

EMC

89/336/EEC

Emission SS-EN50081-2 EN 55011 Immunity SS-EN50082-2 ENV50140, ENV50204, ENV50141, EN61000-4-2, EN61000-4-4 LVD 73/23/EEC

IEC1010-1 First ed. 1990-09, IEC1010-1 Amend. 1 1992-09, IEC1010-1 Amend. 2 1995-06, IEC950 First ed. 1986

Mechanics

IEC 68-2-32 Second ed. 1975, IEC 68-2-31 First ed. 1969

Other • •

•

On-line measurement of the current and voltage output, presented on the built-in display. Calibration check when the temperature is changed. Full calibration can be conducted at any time using the FREJA calibration box. This means you do not need to send away FREJA for calibration. Only the calibration box needs to be sent for calibration once per year. Connection to IBM compatible PC (minimum Pentium II 266 MHz, 32 Mb RAM, Win 95/98/2000, NT 4.0) via the serial port. The FREJA has a built-in switch that enables you to switch communication back and forth between the PC and your relay.

Specifications are valid for resistive load, nominal voltage supply and ambient temperature +25°C ±3°C, (+77°F ±5.4°F), after 30 minutes warm up time. All hardware data are for full scale values. 1)

For higher current or output power you can use amplifier CA3

2)

Parallel connection

3)

THD+N: Values at 50/60 Hz, at max amplitude, 50% power and resistive load. Measurement bandwidth 22 Hz – 22 kHz. 4)

For sinusoidal signals at 50/60 Hz


153


Abbreviation list ”.”

Indication that test was ed

”1st”

First state, normally Prefault

”2nd”

Second state, normally Fault

BI

Binary Input

Binary Goal

Goal for Binary Input. Timer stops when BI = Binary Goal

BO

Binary Output

DUT

Device Under Test = Relay

Prefault

Generated values before the fault

Ramp

There are two different types of Ramp. In General the Ramp extends continuously from 1st to 2nd. But in Distance RX-Ramp the rampsare not continuous. These ramps jump back to Prefault. Otherwise it would be impossible to test distance relays without turning of the time zones.

REFGRAPH Library (directory) for reference graphs.

154




155


Index Symbols - - ................................................................. 127 |Z| tolerance ................................................. 52 1ST state ...................................................... 16 2ND ............................................................... 17

A Add manual ramps ..................................... 56 Adjust axis ................................................... 49 Application example ................................... 22 Application examples ............................... 132 ARC VIA 0 ................................................... 118 Ascii ............................................................ 107 Auto 300 ....................................................... 96 AUTO21 ......................................... 76, 80, 110 AUTO21 instrument ..................... 76, 80, 110 Automatic mode .......................................... 60 Autoreclose .................................................. 90 Autoreclose – Toolbar ................................. 91 Autoreclose instrument............................... 90

B Batch report ............................................... 128 Binary Goal .................................................. 43 Binary goal ................................................... 17 Binary Input .................................................. 43 Binary list ..................................................... 38 Binary outputs ............................................. 18 BO ................................................................. 37

C CA1 ............................................................... 23 CA1H ............................................................ 23 CA3 ....................................................... 23, 138 Calibration.................................................. 138 Ana.High 139, 143 Binary inputs & outputs 140, 143 LU/LI 139, 142 Recall 141, 144 Calibration Box .......................................... 142 Calibration Box 2 ....................................... 138 Calibration using the Calibration Box ..... 142 Calibration using the Calibration Box 2 .. 138 Change language ........................................ 15 Change logotype ....................................... 124 Change phase name ................................... 15 Check list ...................................................... 67 CIRCLE ........................................................ 118 CIRCLE VIA 0 .............................................. 118 Communication problems ........................ 150

156

Comtrade ................................................... 107 Config ........................................................... 69 Connect ........................................................ 41 Connect menu ............................................. 53 Connector ..................................................... 11 ......................................................... 12 Control Center .............................................. 32 Convert ....................................................... 106 Converter.................................................... 106 Copy zone .................................................. 120 Create zone ................................................ 120 Current .......................................................... 72 Current - Toolbar .......................................... 73 Current Direction ......................................... 52 Current instrument ...................................... 72 Config - menu 74 Pickup - menu 74 Time test - menu 75

D Delete all log data ....................................... 40 Delete ramp ................................................. 56 Distance instrument .................................... 48 Config menu 51 Connect menu 53 Network model 3PZ3I1B 52 Network model 3PZSTD1A 51 Network model 3PZSTD2A 50 DISTANCE.LST ........................................... 126 Dry ................................................... 52

E E-mail ......................................................... 125 Elements .................................................... 117 Evaluation of reports ................................. 127 External Amplifier ....................................... 24

F FAIL............................................................. 127 FREJA Win Control Center ......................... 32 Freja Win software ...................................... 28 Installation 28 System requirements 28 Frequency instrument ................................. 80 Front ................................................... 10 Fuse .............................................................. 10

G General instrument ..................................... 36 Binary Goal 43 Connect 41 Programma Electric AB ZP-CF02E R07A


Notes 47 Ramp 45 Result 46 Sequence 42 Speed 46 Start 45, 46 Start button 43 State Settings 42 Stop 46 Vector diagram 44 General instrument, Local .......................... 16 GENERAL.LST ........................................... 126 Generated value .......................................... 39 Green lamp .................................................. 63

I I1=I2=I3 ......................................................... 16 I1ϕ=2ϕ=3ϕ .......................................................... 16 Iϕ = Iϕ + 120 ................................................. 16 Import a graph ............................................. 50 Import Ramp Results .................................. 61 Installation ................................................... 28 Instrument s ........................................ 10 INVERSE ..................................................... 119

K Ke .................................................................. 53 Kphi .............................................................. 53

L Lead time ..................................................... 70 LENS ........................................................... 118 LI->NI ............................................................ 21 LINE ............................................................ 117 Local Mode .................................................. 14 Change language 15 Change phase name 15 General 14 Testing transducers 19 General instrument 16 Main menu 15 Memory 15 System setup 15 Make the settings 14 Menu 13 RX (%Z) 14 RX (I) 14 Save the settings 15 Local mode menu........................................ 13 Log list .......................................................... 61 LST-files ...................................................... 124

M Make a reference graph ............................ 117 Fully automatic method 121 Programma Electric AB ZP-CF02E R07A

Manual method 117 Semiautomatic method 121 Make the settings ........................................ 14 Manual ramps.............................................. 56 Maximum generated value ........................ 39 MEAS ........................................................... 17 Measurement ............................................... 37 Mho characteristic ..................................... 120 Mode page ................................................... 18

N Network Model ............................................ Network model 3PZ3I1B ............................. Network model 3PZSTD1A......................... None ............................................................. Notes ............................................................

51 52 51 16 47

O Offdelay ........................................................ 39 Origin offset ................................................. 57

P .......................................................... 127 Pickup ........................................................... 74 Power Swing Blocking ................................ 63 Print ............................................................ 124 Printer driver .............................................. 126 ProGraph .................................................... 116 Protective earth .............................................. 8 Pulses ........................................................... 70

R Ramp ............................................................ 45 Ramp page ................................................... 18 Ramp Start ................................................... 56 Ramp Stop ................................................... 56 Rear .................................................... 11 Reclose – menu ........................................... 94 Red lamp ...................................................... 63 Red ring ...................................................... 127 Reference graph .......................................... 98 Change logotype 124 Make a reference graph 117 Report 124 Semiautomatic method 121 Tolerances 121 Remove test point ....................................... 64 Report ......................................................... 124 Report as a text file ................................... 130 Report configuration ................................... 99 Report via E-mail ....................................... 125 Result............................................................ 46 RIO Converter .............................................. 50 Run ramps.................................................... 57 RX ................................................................. 58

157


Automatic mode 60 Log list 61 Manual mode 60 RX Point – menu .......................................... RX(%Z) Instrument ...................................... RX(I) Instrument ....................................20, RX-Ramp ......................................................

58 21 21 54

S Safety precautions ........................................ 8 Save a report .............................................. 130 Save a report as a text file ........................ 130 Save element ............................................. 119 Save the settings ......................................... 15 SendKeys ................................................... 101 Sequence ...............................................17, 42 SET ............................................................... 17 Single ramp ................................................. 57 Specifications ............................................ 152 Speed ........................................................... 46 Start ........................................................ 45, 46 Start button .................................................. 43 Starting Freja Win ....................................... 30 State ............................................................. 42 State Settings .............................................. 42 Stop .............................................................. 46 Stop if Goal .................................................. 42 Sync .............................................................. 68 Sync instrument .......................................... 68 Synchro check - menu 71 Synchronizing - menu 70 U & f Min-Max - menu 69 Synchro check .............................................. 71 System performance ................................... 31

U & f Min-Max ............................................. U & I=120 ..................................................... U1=U2=U3 ................................................... U123 I123 .................................................... Uϕ = Uϕ + 120 ..............................................

69 16 16 16 16

V Voltage instrument ...................................... 76

W Wet .................................................. 52 Whirlwind – menu ....................................... 62

X X .................................................................. 127

Z Zones ............................................................ 52 Zoom ............................................................ 65

T TABLE.LST ................................................. 126 Templates ........................................... 124, 126 Text file ....................................................... 130 Time ............................................................. 52 Time test ...................................................... 75 time test of an under/over voltage relay ... 79 Time tolerance ............................................. 52 Tolerance lines ............................................. 55 Tolerances .................................................. 121 Toolbar ......................................................... 36 Training courses ........................................ 150 Transducer instrument ..........................86, 90 Transducer page .......................................... 18 Transient ............................................. 104, 106 Transient instrument ................................. 104 Troubleshooting ......................................... 150

U U ................................................................... 49

158




159


Appendices 1. List & Label Quick guide 2. List & Label Manual 3. Freja reports Example 1 Example 2

4. 5. CD ROM FREJA 300 Demonstration FREJA Win

160




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