Democratic Teaching 2g2v5a

DEMOCRATIC TEACHING

DEFINITION Democratic education is an educational ideal in which democracy is both a goal and a method of instruction. It brings democratic values to education and can include selfdetermination within a community of equals, as well as such values as justice, respect and trust.

Education as "learning that equips every human being to participate fully in a healthy democracy.“

Institute for Democratic Education America (IDEA)

KEY CONCEPT 

Mistaken goals.

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Democratic teaching.

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Encouragement.

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Logical consequences.

DEMOCRATIC STRATEGIES & MODULAR APPROACH Democratic Approach: *SENSITIVITY TRAINING *RECAPITULATION *DRILL WORK *REVIEW *ASSIGNMENT *INDUCTIVE DEDUCTIVE STRATEGIES

SENSITIVITY TRAINING *Helps an individual to sensitize the real feelings, values and intents of others. *Helps to become sensitive to the communications of others and able to discern the real from the artificial.

*Better face to face communication FOUNDERS : LELAND BRADFORD RONALD LIPPITT KENNETH BENNE

Advantages of Sensitivity Training 

student’s behavior can be analyzed

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social capabilities of the student can be developed

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tolerance and adjustment capability among the students can be developed

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appreciation-- motivation

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behavior efficiency can be enhanced

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A diagnostic understanding through interaction

DRILL ^^A learning method through reinforcing ^^The important points of a chapter can be repeated ^^It will set in the minds of the students ^^Repetition will become spontaneous soon ^^Effort of using a method goes slowly ^^Mostly based upon memorization and practice

STEPS  Students have to learn the content by heart

 If not it will become a burden  Drill work should go only for that duration till the students enjoy

 Otherwise it will become mechanical  Specific and difficult points of the learnt knowledge should be emphasized

 Related to the actual life  Rectify errors and give assistance  Teacher should have patience

TO PREPARE

TO REVIEW

FOR REMEDIES

INDUCTIVE STRATEGY Instead of beginning with general principles and eventually getting to applications, the instruction begins with specifics—a set of observations or experimental data to interpret, a case study to analyze, or a complex real-world problem to solve. [Inquiry learning, problem-based learning, project-based learning, case-based teaching, discovery learning] LEARNER CENTERED

DEDUCTIVE STRATEGY Deductive strategy uses presentation of principles and generalized ideas in the beginning then goes for COMPL EX TO application of SIMPLE this principles.

UNKNOW N TO KNOWN

ABSTRA CT TO CONCRE TE

RECAPITULATION

RECAP

REVISION

R E P E T I T I O N

Advantages of Recapitulation 

Revision of the lesson will help the students

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Easy to know about the limit to which the student has acquired new knowledge

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Understand the difficult parts & the points which students did not able to understand

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So the teacher can explain again.

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Tells how much the teaching is successful on the other hand

Applying Democratic Teaching TEACHER’S ROLES 1.

Respect and treat students as individuals.

2.

Modelling respects all the time.

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Treat students with dignity, friendliness, firmness and kindness.

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Allow students to make important class decision.

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Utilize instructional methods that meet individual students’ learning needs and interests.

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Identify the goals of misbehavior than imposing the punishment.

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Encourage students to actively participate in the classroom activities.

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Build sense of community in the classroom.

Develop habits of reflective thinking. Allows students to take responsibility for their own actions. STRENGTHS

Promotes respect and communication among teachers and students.

Constructive behaviour.

Develop sense of belonging.

Develop social manners. Fair and equal treatment.

EXPLANATION OF STRENGTHS 

Constructing behaviour through positive reinforcement.

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Erase any-judgemental and bias approaches by the teachers toward their students.

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The ability of ------ student to rationalize the consequences of their act which promotes good behaviour to get a good consequences.

Teachers might not be able to provide logical consequences for all misbehaviours.

On going constructive behaviour are needed all the time.

Teacher will possess less power in controlling the students.

WEAKNESSES

Less effective in applying this approach with lower primary in Malaysian context.

It takes time for the students to be able think critically.