Cognitive Psychotherapy 7514d

Cognitive Psychotherapy Major goals: 1. To learn the basic concepts of different theories and practices of cognitive psychotherapy. 2. To observe master therapists in practice. 3. To ask questions about advanced practice. 4. To present your own cases for consultation.

The CBE Interaction Behaviour

Emotion Cognition

Cognitive Processes (J.S. Beck, 1995) 1. All-or-nothing (dichotomous) thinking 2. Catastrophizing 3. Discounting the positive 4. Emotional reasoning 5. Labeling 6. Magnification/Minimization

Cognitive Processes (Continued)

7. Mental filter 8. Mind reading 9. Overgeneralization 10. Personalization 11. Using imperative statements 12. Tunnel vision

Major Issues in Depression

1. Sense of Loss 2. Negative View of the Self 3. Negative View of the Future 4. Negative View of the Word

Symptoms of Depression Emotional Manifestations 1. Dejected Mood 2. Negative Feelings Toward Self 3. Reduction in Gratification 4. Loss of Emotional Attachments 5. Crying Spells 6. Loss of “mirth” response 7. Anger

Symptoms (Continued) Behavioural Manifestations 1. Lowered Activity Levels 2. Withdrawal from Positive Activities 3. Impaired Coping with Problems 4. Indecisiveness

Symptoms (Continued) Cognitive Manifestations 1. Low Self-Evaluations 2. Negative Expectations 3. Self-Blame and Self-Criticism 4. Distortion of Body Image 5. Guilt 6. Poor Concentration and Memory

Symptoms (Continued) Motivational Manifestations 1. Paralysis of the Will 2. Avoidance, escapist and Withdrawal Wishes 3. Suicidal Wishes 4. Increased Dependency

Symptoms (Continued) Vegetative and Physical Manifestations 1. Loss of Appetite 2. Sleep Disturbance 3. Loss of “Libido” (sexual desire) 4. Fatigability 5. Rumination

Symptoms (Continued) Delusions 1. Personal Worthlessness 2. Crime and Punishment 3. Nihilistic Delusions 4. Somatic Delusions 5. Poverty Delusions Hallucinations

Major Issues In Anger Sense of Being Disrespected or Denigrated – Similar to Resentment but stronger 1. Righteous Anger (seen as positive) 2. Constructive Anger (seen as Empowering) 3. Malevolent Anger (Seen as Harmful) 4. Selfish Anger (Seen as Aggrandizing) 5. Behind Anger is Often Hurt

Anger Cognitions 1.”How dare he do that to me!” 2. “She had no right to…” 3. “He’s a complete jerk who should be punished!” 4. “She always does that to me!” 5. “He has no right to be that rude!”

Anger Processing and Structures Cognitive Processes 1. Faulty Primary and Secondary Appraisal Errors 2. Dichotomous Thinking 3. Overgeneralization 4. Imperative Statements 5. Labeling Cognitive Structures 1. Rejection 2. Punitiveness

Treatment of Anger A Buddhist Perspective 1. Take responsibility for your anger. Not easy because angry individuals tend to be externalizers 2. Become aware that anger is a result of our frustrated desires 3. Understand the dynamics of anger – it reduces our sense of danger, helplessness and humiliation.

Treatment (Continued) 4. Ask the client to reflect on his anger as it arises 1. “What did I want that I wasn’t getting? 2. “What was I getting that I didn’t want? 5. Client decision – The commitment not to act out anger, not to repress it, but to become aware of it and reflect upon it. 6. The client gradually turns his mind to alternatives to anger

Cognitive Structures (Young, Klosko, & Weishaar, 2003)

Domain 1: Disconnection and Rejection 1. Abandonment/Instability. 2. Mistrust/Abuse 3. Emotional Deprivation a. Deprivation of Nurturance b. Deprivation of Empathy c. Deprivation of Protection 4. Defectiveness/Shame 5. Social Isolation/Alienation

Domain 2: Impaired Autonomy and Performance 6. Dependence/Incompetence 7. Vulnerability to Harm or Illness 8. Enmeshment/Undeveloped Self 9. Failure

Domain 3: Impaired Limits 10. Entitlement/Grandiosity 11. Insufficient Self-Control/ Self-Discipline

Domain 4: Other Directedness 12. Subjugation a. Subjugation of needs b. Subjugation of emotions 13. Self-Sacrifice 14. Approval-seeking/RecognitionSeeking

Domain 5: Overvigilence and Inhibition 15. Negativity/Pessimism 16. Emotional Inhibition 17. Unrelenting Standards/Hypercriticalness 18. Punitiveness

Borderline